Showing papers in "Journal of Investigative Dermatology in 2014"

TL;DR: Using more data than has been used previously, the burden due to skin disease prevention and treatment is enormous in both high- and low-income countries.

TL;DR: Overall, data from this initial observational study suggest a potential role for NKp44+ ILC3 in psoriasis pathogenesis, and it is shown that a substantial proportion of IL-17A and IL-22 producing cells in skin and blood of normal individuals and Psoriasis patients are CD3 negative innate lymphocytes.

TL;DR: The reported prevalence of depression in psoriasis varies substantially and the high prevalence of these symptoms is likely to be affected by the tertiary study populations and differential misclassification using questionnaires, where psOriasis-related symptoms may be detected as depressive symptoms.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used high-throughput complementary DNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to assay the transcriptomes of lesional psoriatic and normal skin, which revealed multiple modules of coordinately expressed epidermal differentiation genes, overlapping significantly with genes regulated by the long noncoding RNA TINCR.

TL;DR: Significant increased proportions of NCR(+) ILC3 were present in lesional skin and peripheral blood of psoriasis patients as compared with skin and blood of healthy individuals, respectively, whereas the proportions of ILC2 and CD161(+ ILC1 remained unchanged.

TL;DR: The data indicate that NOTCH1 acts as a gatekeeper in human cSCC, and immunohistochemical analysis using an antibody specific to nuclear NotCH1 correlates with mutation status in sporadic cS CC and regions of NOTCh1 loss or down-regulation are frequently observed in normal looking skin.

TL;DR: The current knowledge about melanin and the redox state of melanocytes, how paracrine factors help counteract oxidative stress, the role of oxidative stress in melanoma initiation and progression and in melanocyte death in vitiligo is reviewed, and how this knowledge can be harnessed for melanoma and Vitiligo treatment is reviewed.

TL;DR: The impact of screening on NMSC incidence in Schleswig-Holstein is analyzed by comparing four time periods of different screening settings to a reference region (Saarland, Germany) to provide up-to-date incidence estimates by sex, age group, histological type, and body site.

TL;DR: Results show that supplementation with TNF-α and Th2 cytokines influence epidermal morphogenesis and barrier function, and these LEMs show similar characteristics as found in AD skin and can be used as an excellent tool for screening formulations and drugs for the treatment of AD.

TL;DR: Alopecia Areata is characterized by patchy, nonscarring, autoimmune-mediated hair loss, although many aspects of AA pathogenesis are unknown, and the scalp is most commonly involved in clinically treated AA.

TL;DR: The data provide mechanistic insights into an important function of the skin in modulating systemic NO bioavailability, which may account for the latitudinal and seasonal variations of BP and CVD.

TL;DR: To establish elastic culture substrates that reproduce the variable softness of dermis, Young's elastic modulus E of human dermis is determined at the cell perception level using atomic force microscopy to generate fibroblasts that are more suitable to investigate physiologically relevant cell processes.

TL;DR: MSC-released TSG-6 was identified to improve wound healing by limiting Mφ activation, inflammation, and fibrosis and may qualify as promising strategies to enhance tissue repair and to prevent excessive tissue fibrosis.

TL;DR: This is a PDF file of an unedited peer-reviewed manuscript that has been accepted for publication and will undergo copyediting, typesetting and a proof review before it is published in its final form.

TL;DR: Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of YAP and TAZ markedly delayed the rate of wound closure and reduced the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF- β1) expression in the wound.

TL;DR: These findings combined with studies on human skin organ cultures strongly indicate that the OR 2AT4 is involved in human keratinocyte re-epithelialization during wound-healing processes.

TL;DR: Because of a physical connection established between the antibody fragment on the outside and the genetic information encoding the displayed protein within the phage, APD also allows comprehensive studies of genetics and function of antigen-specific mAbs, making it a powerful tool to better understand immunological processes and human diseases that involve formation of (auto-)antibodies against defined (self-)antigens.

TL;DR: Findings show that the commensal P. acnes-by activating the inflammasome-can trigger an innate immune response in the skin, thus establishing the NLRP3-inflam Masome and IL-1β as possible therapeutic targets in acne.

TL;DR: It is shown that BCCs are the most mutated type of human cancer, and the central role of PTCH1 mutations in BCC genesis is supported, which may lend insight into its biological behavior.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that IL-17 is induced by P. acnes and expressed in acne lesions and that both vitamin A and vitamin D could be effective tools to modulate Th17-mediated diseases such as acne.

TL;DR: Results indicate that P. acnes triggers a key inflammatory mediator, IL-1β, via NLRP3 and caspase-1 activation, suggesting a role for inflammasome-mediated inflammation in acne pathogenesis.

TL;DR: It is suggested that IL-17A mediates Th2-type immune responses and that IL -17A signal may be a therapeutic target of AD.

TL;DR: AD is the main skin-related risk factor for food sensitization in young infants and in exclusively breastfed children, this suggests that allergic sensitization to foods can be mediated by cutaneous antigen-presenting cells.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that MCs play a central role in the development of inflammation subsequent to Cath LL-37 activation and that down regulation of activated MCs may be a therapy for rosacea treatment.

TL;DR: It is shown that innate sensing of nonpathogenic bacteria by TLR2 induces tolerogenic DCs and regulatory Tr1 cells suppressing T effector cells and cutaneous inflammation, indicating a promising therapeutic strategy for inflammatory skin diseases like AD.

TL;DR: Results suggest that LCs are required for the development of psoriasis-like lesions induced by IMQ in mice, and reduce levels of Th17-related cytokines in IMQ-treated skin lesions.

TL;DR: It is suggested that NRAS mutations are sufficient to drive melanocytic benign proliferations in utero and not BRAF mutations, which are commonly found in CMN pathogenesis.

TL;DR: It is found that vitiligo melanocytes exhibited hypersensitivity to H2O2-induced oxidative injury because of reduced Nrf2 nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity, which led to decreased HO-1 expression and aberrant redox balance.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the T cell-driven inflammatory skin equivalent model has potential to study the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases and may serve as a preclinical screening tool for anti-inflammatory drugs.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that out of 30 individually quantified cytokines, IL-19 showed the strongest differential expression between psoriatic lesions and healthy skin and might be a biomarker for the activity of this axis in chronic inflammatory disorders.