Bone regenerative medicine: classic options, novel strategies, and future directions
TLDR
Tissue engineering is a new and developing option that had been introduced to reduce limitations of bone grafts and improve the healing processes of the bone fractures and defects and may open new insights in the near future.Abstract:
This review analyzes the literature of bone grafts and introduces tissue engineering as a strategy in this field of orthopedic surgery. We evaluated articles concerning bone grafts; analyzed characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the grafts; and provided explanations about bone-tissue engineering technologies. Many bone grafting materials are available to enhance bone healing and regeneration, from bone autografts to graft substitutes; they can be used alone or in combination. Autografts are the gold standard for this purpose, since they provide osteogenic cells, osteoinductive growth factors, and an osteoconductive scaffold, all essential for new bone growth. Autografts carry the limitations of morbidity at the harvesting site and limited availability. Allografts and xenografts carry the risk of disease transmission and rejection. Tissue engineering is a new and developing option that had been introduced to reduce limitations of bone grafts and improve the healing processes of the bone fractures and defects. The combined use of scaffolds, healing promoting factors, together with gene therapy, and, more recently, three-dimensional printing of tissue-engineered constructs may open new insights in the near future.read more
Citations
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Extracellular Vesicle-functionalized Decalcified Bone Matrix Scaffolds with Enhanced Pro-angiogenic and Pro-bone Regeneration Activities
Hui Xie,Zhenxing Wang,Liming Zhang,Qian Lei,Aiqi Zhao,Hongxiang Wang,Qiubai Li,Yilin Cao,Wenjie Zhang,Zhichao Chen +9 more
TL;DR: A novel scaffold modification method that provides a promising way to promote vascularization, which is essential for bone tissue engineering, is fabricated.
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The BMP Pathway and Its Inhibitors in the Skeleton
Jonathan W. Lowery,Vicki Rosen +1 more
TL;DR: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the intricacies of the BMP pathway and its inhibitors in bone development, homeostasis, and disease and proposes two major areas of need of future study by the field: greater resolution of the gene regulatory network downstream of BMP signaling in the skeleton, and an expanded repertoire of reagents to reliably and specifically inhibit individual B MP pathway components.
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Biodegradable materials for bone defect repair
TL;DR: Various kinds of biodegradable materials commonly used in bone defect repairing are introduced, especially the newly emerging materials and their fabrication technology in recent years, and look forward to the future research direction, hoping to provide researchers in the field with some inspiration and reference.
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Bone grafting materials in dentoalveolar reconstruction: A comprehensive review.
TL;DR: A contemporary and comprehensive overview of the grafting materials that can be applied in dentoalveolar reconstruction is provided, discussing their properties, advantages and disadvantages, enlightening the present and the future perspectives in the field of bone regeneration.
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Platelet-rich plasma for bone healing and regeneration
TL;DR: This review has covered important concepts regarding platelet-rich plasma (PRP) including mechanisms of action, preparation protocols and their differences, and factors affecting the PRP efficacy during bone healing.
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