Bone regenerative medicine: classic options, novel strategies, and future directions
TLDR
Tissue engineering is a new and developing option that had been introduced to reduce limitations of bone grafts and improve the healing processes of the bone fractures and defects and may open new insights in the near future.Abstract:
This review analyzes the literature of bone grafts and introduces tissue engineering as a strategy in this field of orthopedic surgery. We evaluated articles concerning bone grafts; analyzed characteristics, advantages, and limitations of the grafts; and provided explanations about bone-tissue engineering technologies. Many bone grafting materials are available to enhance bone healing and regeneration, from bone autografts to graft substitutes; they can be used alone or in combination. Autografts are the gold standard for this purpose, since they provide osteogenic cells, osteoinductive growth factors, and an osteoconductive scaffold, all essential for new bone growth. Autografts carry the limitations of morbidity at the harvesting site and limited availability. Allografts and xenografts carry the risk of disease transmission and rejection. Tissue engineering is a new and developing option that had been introduced to reduce limitations of bone grafts and improve the healing processes of the bone fractures and defects. The combined use of scaffolds, healing promoting factors, together with gene therapy, and, more recently, three-dimensional printing of tissue-engineered constructs may open new insights in the near future.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Morphological, mechanical and biological assessment of PCL/pristine graphene scaffolds for bone regeneration
Weiguang Wang,Guilherme Ferreira Caetano,Wei-Hung Chiang,Ana Letícia Braz,Jonny J. Blaker,Marco Andrey Cipriani Frade,Paulo Jorge Da Silva Bartolo +6 more
TL;DR: The use of an extrusion additive manufacturing system to produce PCL/pristine graphene scaffolds for bone tissue applications is investigated and the addition of pristine graphene improves the mechanical performance of the scaffolds, reduces the hydrophobicity, and improves cell viability and proliferation.
Journal ArticleDOI
The challenges of promoting osteogenesis in segmental bone defects and osteoporosis.
Alyssa N. Ball,Seth W. Donahue,Samantha J. Wojda,C. Wayne McIlwraith,Christopher E. Kawcak,Nicole Ehrhart,Laurie R. Goodrich +6 more
TL;DR: Animal models of fracture repair are often small animals as historically significant large animal models, like the dog, continue to gain favor as companion animals and progenitor cell therapies and the content variation of patient‐side treatments are being studied.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development of controlled drug delivery systems for bone fracture-targeted therapeutic delivery: A review.
TL;DR: Current therapies employed to stimulate fracture healing are reviewed, including a focus on drug delivery systems for growth factors, parathyroid hormone (PTH), small molecules, and RNAi therapeutics, as well as recent advances and future promise of fracture‐targeted drug delivery.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative study on the healing potential of chitosan, polymethylmethacrylate, and demineralized bone matrix in radial bone defects of rat.
TL;DR: Both CS and PMMA alone were non-biocompatible polymers with slow biodegradation which retarded bone regeneration, whereas DBM significantly improved bone healing close to the gold method.
Journal ArticleDOI
Investigation of angiogenesis in bioactive 3-dimensional poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)/nano-hydroxyapatite scaffolds by in vivo multiphoton microscopy in murine calvarial critical bone defect.
TL;DR: This first study to dynamically investigate angiogenesis in bone tissue engineering scaffolds in vivo by in vivo multiphoton microscopy during bone formation in a murine calvarial critical bone defect model and evaluated bone regeneration 8weeks post-implantation proved that delivery of the pdgfb gene alone can improve bothAngiogenesis and bone regeneration.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Randomised trial of effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures
Dennis M. Black,Steven R. Cummings,David B. Karpf,Jane A. Cauley,Desmond E. Thompson,Michael C. Nevitt,Douglas C. Bauer,Harry K. Genant,William L. Haskell,Robert Marcus,Susan M. Ott,James C. Torner,Sara A. Quandt,Theodore F. Reiss,Kristine E. Ensrud +14 more
TL;DR: Among women with low bone mass and existing vertebral fractures, alendronate is well tolerated and substantially reduces the frequency of morphometric and clinical vertebra fractures, as well as other clinical fractures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Porous scaffold design for tissue engineering
TL;DR: The integration of CTD with SFF to build designer tissue-engineering scaffolds is reviewed and the mechanical properties and tissue regeneration achieved using designer scaffolds are details.
Journal ArticleDOI
Crystal Structure and Hydrogen-Bonding System in Cellulose Iβ from Synchrotron X-ray and Neutron Fiber Diffraction
TL;DR: In this article, the crystal and molecular structure of cellulose Iβ were determined using synchrotron and neutron diffraction data recorded from oriented fibrous samples prepared by aligning cellulose microcrystals from tunicin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent advances on chitosan-based micro- and nanoparticles in drug delivery.
TL;DR: The present review outlines the major new findings on the pharmaceutical applications of chitosan-based micro/nanoparticulate drug delivery systems published over the past decade and discusses critically the usefulness of these systems in delivering the bioactive molecules.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biomedical applications of collagen
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed biomedical applications of collagen including the collagen film, which was developed as a matrix system for evaluation of tissue calcification and for the embedding of a single cell suspension for tumorigenic study.