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Common human genetic variants and HIV-1 susceptibility: a genome-wide survey in a homogeneous African population.

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TLDR
This is the first genome-wide association study of host determinants of HIV-1 susceptibility, performed in an African population, and investigates whether common genetic variants associate with HIV- 1 susceptibility in Africans.
Abstract
To date, CCR5 variants remain the only human genetic factors to be confirmed to impact HIV-1 acquisition. However, protective CCR5 variants are largely absent in African populations, in which sporadic resistance to HIV-1 infection is still unexplained. We investigated whether common genetic variants associate with HIV-1 susceptibility in Africans.

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Human genetic susceptibility to infectious disease

TL;DR: Insight is provided into the genetic architecture of infectious disease susceptibility and immune molecules and pathways that are directly relevant to the human host defence are identified.
Journal ArticleDOI

Natural selection and infectious disease in human populations.

TL;DR: The ancient biological 'arms race' between microbial pathogens and humans has shaped genetic variation in modern populations, and this has important implications for the growing field of medical genomics.
Journal ArticleDOI

Transethnic meta-analysis of genomewide association studies.

TL;DR: A novel transethnic meta‐analysis methodology that takes account of the expected similarity in allelic effects between the most closely related populations, while allowing for heterogeneity between more diverse ethnic groups is proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Diversity and inclusion in genomic research: why the uneven progress?

TL;DR: The rationale for conducting genomic research in diverse populations is described by reviewing examples of advances facilitated by their inclusion and some of the factors that perpetuate the disproportionate attention on well-represented populations are explored.
Journal ArticleDOI

Association study of common genetic variants and HIV-1 acquisition in 6,300 infected cases and 7,200 controls

Paul J. McLaren, +61 more
- 25 Jul 2013 - 
TL;DR: Analysis of genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data collected by 25 cohorts, studies, or institutions on HIV-1 infected individuals and compared them to carefully matched population-level data sets suggest that genetic influences on HIV acquisition are either rare or have smaller effects than can be detected by this sample size.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

PLINK: A Tool Set for Whole-Genome Association and Population-Based Linkage Analyses

TL;DR: This work introduces PLINK, an open-source C/C++ WGAS tool set, and describes the five main domains of function: data management, summary statistics, population stratification, association analysis, and identity-by-descent estimation, which focuses on the estimation and use of identity- by-state and identity/descent information in the context of population-based whole-genome studies.
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Principal components analysis corrects for stratification in genome-wide association studies

TL;DR: This work describes a method that enables explicit detection and correction of population stratification on a genome-wide scale and uses principal components analysis to explicitly model ancestry differences between cases and controls.
Journal ArticleDOI

Genome-wide association studies for complex traits: consensus, uncertainty and challenges

TL;DR: This Review highlights the knowledge gained, defines areas of emerging consensus, and describes the challenges that remain as researchers seek to obtain more complete descriptions of the susceptibility architecture of biomedical traits of interest and to translate the information gathered into improvements in clinical management.
Journal ArticleDOI

Resistance to HIV-1 infection in caucasian individuals bearing mutant alleles of the CCR-5 chemokine receptor gene.

TL;DR: It is shown that a mutant allele of CCR-5 is present at a high frequency in caucasian populations, but is absent in black populations from Western and Central Africa and Japanese populations, and a 32-base-pair deletion within the coding region results in a frame shift, and generates a non-functional receptor that does not support membrane fusion or infection by macrophage- and dual-tropic HIV-1 strains.
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