Immune sensing of DNA
Søren R. Paludan,Andrew G. Bowie +1 more
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TLDR
Progress is described in understanding signaling mechanisms activated by DNA and the relevance of DNA sensing to pathogen responses and autoimmunity and new insights are highlighted into how and why the immune system responds to both pathogen and self DNA.About:
This article is published in Immunity.The article was published on 2013-05-23 and is currently open access. It has received 664 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Innate immune system & IFI16.read more
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Regulation of type I interferon responses
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize the signalling and epigenetic mechanisms that regulate type I IFN-induced STAT activation and ISG transcription and translation and conclude that these regulatory mechanisms determine the biological outcomes of type I ILN responses and whether pathogens are cleared effectively or chronic infection or autoimmune disease ensues.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interferon-Stimulated Genes: A Complex Web of Host Defenses
TL;DR: This review begins by introducing interferon (IFN) and the JAK-STAT signaling pathway to highlight features that impact ISG production and describes ways in which ISGs both enhance innate pathogen-sensing capabilities and negatively regulate signaling through the Jak-STAT pathway.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms and Functions of Inflammasomes
Mohamed Lamkanfi,Vishva M. Dixit +1 more
TL;DR: This Review summarizes recent insights into inflammasome biology and discusses the questions that remain in the field.
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Type I interferons in infectious disease.
TL;DR: Experimental models of tuberculosis have demonstrated that prostaglandin E2 and interleukin-1 inhibit type I IFN expression and its downstream effects, demonstrating that a cross-regulatory network of cytokines operates during infectious diseases to provide protection with minimum damage to the host.
Journal ArticleDOI
STING-Dependent Cytosolic DNA Sensing Promotes Radiation-Induced Type I Interferon-Dependent Antitumor Immunity in Immunogenic Tumors
Liufu Deng,Hua Liang,Meng Xu,Xuanming Yang,Byron Burnette,Ainhoa Arina,Xiao Dong Li,Helena J. Mauceri,Michael A. Beckett,Thomas E. Darga,Xiaona Huang,Thomas F. Gajewski,Zhijian J. Chen,Yang Xin Fu,Ralph R. Weichselbaum +14 more
TL;DR: Radiation-mediated antitumor immunity in immunogenic tumors requires a functional cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway and suggests that cGAMP treatment might provide a new strategy to improve radiotherapy.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA.
Hiroaki Hemmi,Osamu Takeuchi,Taro Kawai,Tsuneyasu Kaisho,Shintaro Sato,Hideki Sanjo,Makoto Matsumoto,Katsuaki Hoshino,Hermann Wagner,Kiyoshi Takeda,Shizuo Akira +10 more
TL;DR: It is shown that cellular response to CpG DNA is mediated by a Toll-like receptor, TLR9, and vertebrate immune systems appear to have evolved a specific Toll- like receptor that distinguishes bacterial DNA from self-DNA.
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A human homologue of the Drosophila Toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity
TL;DR: The cloning and characterization of a human homologue of the Drosophila toll protein (Toll) is reported, which has been shown to induce the innate immune response in adult Dosophila.
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The RNA helicase RIG-I has an essential function in double-stranded RNA-induced innate antiviral responses.
Mitsutoshi Yoneyama,Mika Kikuchi,Takashi Natsukawa,Noriaki Shinobu,Tadaatsu Imaizumi,Makoto Miyagishi,Kazunari Taira,Shizuo Akira,Takashi Fujita +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I), which encodes a DExD/H box RNA helicase that contains a caspase recruitment domain, as an essential regulator for dsRNA-induced signaling.
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The DNA Damage Response: Making It Safe to Play with Knives
TL;DR: This review will focus on how the DDR controls DNA repair and the phenotypic consequences of defects in these critical regulatory functions in mammals.
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The Dorsoventral Regulatory Gene Cassette spätzle/Toll/cactus Controls the Potent Antifungal Response in Drosophila Adults
TL;DR: It is shown that mutations in the Toll signaling pathway dramatically reduce survival after fungal infection and the intracellular components of the dorsoventral signaling pathway and the extracellular Toll ligand, spätzle, control expression of the antifungal peptide gene drosomycin in adults.
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