Journal ArticleDOI
Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives.
TLDR
Research for leishmaniasis has been more and more focusing on the development of new tools such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines, and the newly available control tools should allow a scaling up of control activities in priority areas.Abstract:
Leishmaniasis represents a complex of diseases with an important clinical and epidemiological diversity. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is of higher priority than cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) as it is a fatal disease in the absence of treatment. Anthroponotic VL foci are of special concern as they are at the origin of frequent and deathly epidemics (e.g. Sudan). Leishmaniasis burden remains important: 88 countries, 350 million people at risk, 500,000 new cases of VL per year, 1-1.5 million for CL and DALYs: 2.4 millions. Most of the burden is concentrated on few countries which allows clear geographic priorities. Leishmaniasis is still an important public health problem due to not only environmental risk factors such as massive migrations, urbanisation, deforestation, new irrigation schemes, but also to individual risk factors: HIV, malnutrition, genetic, etc em leader Leishmaniasis is part of those diseases which still requires improved control tools. Consequently WHO/TDR research for leishmaniasis has been more and more focusing on the development of new tools such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines. The ongoing effort has already produced significant results. The newly available control tools should allow a scaling up of control activities in priority areas. In anthroponotic foci, the feasibility of getting a strong impact on mortality, morbidity and transmission, is high.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Novel noninvasive method for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis by rK39 testing of sputum samples.
Dharmendra Singh,Krishna Pandey,V. N. R. Das,Sushmita Das,Sudeep Kumar,Roshan Kamal Topno,Pradeep Das +6 more
TL;DR: This is perhaps the first early report of the use of rK39 strips (InBios, Seattle, WA) to detect active VL cases using sputum samples and the test was found to be highly sensitive, specific, simple, and reproducible.
Journal ArticleDOI
Visceral Leishmaniasis-Malaria Coinfection and Their Associated Factors in Patients Attending Metema Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: Suggestion for Integrated Vector Management
Getachew Ferede,Ermias Diro,Sisay Getie,Gebeyaw Getnet,Yegnasew Takele,Anteneh Amsalu,Yitayih Wondimeneh +6 more
TL;DR: The importance of performing malaria screening amongst VL patients living in malaria-endemic areas, particularly in patients under five years, is highlighted, as well as the importance of documenting VL-malaria coinfections and their associated factors.
Journal ArticleDOI
CD4+FOXP3+ cells produce IL-10 in the spleens of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis.
Kathlenn Liezbeth Oliveira Silva,Mariana Macedo Costa de Andrade,Larissa Martins Melo,Juliana Perosso,Rosemeri de Oliveira Vasconcelos,Danísio Prado Munari,Valéria Marçal Felix de Lima +6 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that Treg cells are an important source of IL-10 in the spleen, participating in immune response modulation, while the reduced percentage of these cells in infected dogs could be attributed to persistent immune activation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Serological markers for Leishmania donovani infection in Nepal: agreement between direct agglutination test and rK39 ELISA
Basudha Khanal,Suman Rijal,Bart Ostyn,Albert Picado,Albert Picado,Kamlesh Gidwani,Joris Menten,D. Jacquet,Veerle Lejon,François Chappuis,Marleen Boelaert +10 more
TL;DR: More research is needed to develop validated markers for Leishmania infection, and the direct agglutination test and the rK39 ELISA as L. donovani infection markers in 10 VL endemic villages in Nepal are used.
Journal ArticleDOI
Leishmaniose tegumentar americana no Litoral Norte Paulista, período 1993 a 2005
Maria Lúcia Fadel Condino,Eunice Aparecida Bianchi Galati,Marcia Moreira Holcman,Maria Rafaela Braga Salum,Diogo Correa da Silva,René Antonio Novaes Júnior +5 more
TL;DR: The disease presented a transmission profile inside homes and in areas surrounding them, between the urban fringe and forests, and inside forests, where there was synchronism and cyclicity of disease manifestation, at intervals of six to eight years.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The increase in risk factors for leishmaniasis worldwide.
TL;DR: Increasing risk factors are making leishmaniasis a growing public health concern for many countries around the world, and some are related to a specific eco-epidemiological entity, others affect all forms of leish maniasis.
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Drug resistance in Indian visceral leishmaniasis.
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Rapid accurate field diagnosis of Indian visceral leishmaniasis
TL;DR: In this paper, a prospective study was conducted to assess the diagnostic usefulness of non-invasive testing for antibody to the leishmanial antigen K39 by means of antigen-impregnated nitrocellulose paper strips adapted for use under field conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of insecticide-impregnated dog collars on incidence of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in Iranian children: a matched-cluster randomised trial.
TL;DR: Community-wide application of deltamethrin-impregnated dog collars not only protects domestic dogs from L infantum infections, but might also reduce the risk of L infantu infection in children.