Journal ArticleDOI
Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives.
TLDR
Research for leishmaniasis has been more and more focusing on the development of new tools such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines, and the newly available control tools should allow a scaling up of control activities in priority areas.Abstract:
Leishmaniasis represents a complex of diseases with an important clinical and epidemiological diversity. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is of higher priority than cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) as it is a fatal disease in the absence of treatment. Anthroponotic VL foci are of special concern as they are at the origin of frequent and deathly epidemics (e.g. Sudan). Leishmaniasis burden remains important: 88 countries, 350 million people at risk, 500,000 new cases of VL per year, 1-1.5 million for CL and DALYs: 2.4 millions. Most of the burden is concentrated on few countries which allows clear geographic priorities. Leishmaniasis is still an important public health problem due to not only environmental risk factors such as massive migrations, urbanisation, deforestation, new irrigation schemes, but also to individual risk factors: HIV, malnutrition, genetic, etc em leader Leishmaniasis is part of those diseases which still requires improved control tools. Consequently WHO/TDR research for leishmaniasis has been more and more focusing on the development of new tools such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines. The ongoing effort has already produced significant results. The newly available control tools should allow a scaling up of control activities in priority areas. In anthroponotic foci, the feasibility of getting a strong impact on mortality, morbidity and transmission, is high.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Treatment of acute Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis: A systematic review of the randomized controlled trials
TL;DR: Well-designed randomized, double-blind, controlled trials should be designed and conducted to find better evidence for the treatment of acute Old World CL.
Journal ArticleDOI
In vitro activity of the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus and its major component (citral) on Leishmania amazonensis
Marta Regina Santin,Adriana Oliveira dos Santos,Celso Vataru Nakamura,Celso Vataru Nakamura,Benedito Prado Dias Filho,Benedito Prado Dias Filho,Izabel Cristina Piloto Ferreira,Tânia Ueda-Nakamura +7 more
TL;DR: Citral-rich essential oil from C. citratus has promising antileishmanial properties, and is a good candidate for further research to develop a new anti-protozoan drug.
Journal ArticleDOI
Leishmania-Induced Inactivation of the Macrophage Transcription Factor AP-1 Is Mediated by the Parasite Metalloprotease GP63
Irazú Contreras,Maria Adelaida Gomez,Maria Adelaida Gomez,Oliver Nguyen,Marina Tiemi Shio,Marina Tiemi Shio,Robert McMaster,Martin Olivier,Martin Olivier +8 more
TL;DR: The results indicate a novel role of the surface protease GP63 in the Leishmania-mediated subversion of host AP-1 activity, and suggest that secreted, soluble GP63 could use a phagocytosis-independent mechanism to enter the host cell.
Journal ArticleDOI
Current and potential applications of bismuth-based drugs.
TL;DR: This review strives to provide the reader with an up to date account of bismuth-based drugs currently used to treat patients and discuss potential medicinal applications of bismsuth drugs with reference to recent developments in the literature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cytotoxic T Cells Mediate Pathology and Metastasis in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Fernanda O. Novais,Lucas P. Carvalho,Joel W. Graff,Daniel P. Beiting,Gordon Ruthel,David S. Roos,Michael R. Betts,Michael H. Goldschmidt,Mary E. Wilson,Camila I. de Oliveira,Phillip Scott +10 more
TL;DR: It is shown for the first time that cytolytic CD8+ T cells mediate immunopathology and drive the development of metastatic lesions in cutaneous leishmaniasis.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The increase in risk factors for leishmaniasis worldwide.
TL;DR: Increasing risk factors are making leishmaniasis a growing public health concern for many countries around the world, and some are related to a specific eco-epidemiological entity, others affect all forms of leish maniasis.
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Drug resistance in Indian visceral leishmaniasis.
TL;DR: Despite several disadvantages, amphotericin B is the only drug available for use in these areas and should be used as first‐line drug instead of Sbv, and the new oral antileishmanial drug miltefosine is likely to be the first-line drug in future.
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Rapid accurate field diagnosis of Indian visceral leishmaniasis
TL;DR: In this paper, a prospective study was conducted to assess the diagnostic usefulness of non-invasive testing for antibody to the leishmanial antigen K39 by means of antigen-impregnated nitrocellulose paper strips adapted for use under field conditions.
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Effect of insecticide-impregnated dog collars on incidence of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in Iranian children: a matched-cluster randomised trial.
TL;DR: Community-wide application of deltamethrin-impregnated dog collars not only protects domestic dogs from L infantum infections, but might also reduce the risk of L infantu infection in children.