Journal ArticleDOI
Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives.
TLDR
Research for leishmaniasis has been more and more focusing on the development of new tools such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines, and the newly available control tools should allow a scaling up of control activities in priority areas.Abstract:
Leishmaniasis represents a complex of diseases with an important clinical and epidemiological diversity. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is of higher priority than cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) as it is a fatal disease in the absence of treatment. Anthroponotic VL foci are of special concern as they are at the origin of frequent and deathly epidemics (e.g. Sudan). Leishmaniasis burden remains important: 88 countries, 350 million people at risk, 500,000 new cases of VL per year, 1-1.5 million for CL and DALYs: 2.4 millions. Most of the burden is concentrated on few countries which allows clear geographic priorities. Leishmaniasis is still an important public health problem due to not only environmental risk factors such as massive migrations, urbanisation, deforestation, new irrigation schemes, but also to individual risk factors: HIV, malnutrition, genetic, etc em leader Leishmaniasis is part of those diseases which still requires improved control tools. Consequently WHO/TDR research for leishmaniasis has been more and more focusing on the development of new tools such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines. The ongoing effort has already produced significant results. The newly available control tools should allow a scaling up of control activities in priority areas. In anthroponotic foci, the feasibility of getting a strong impact on mortality, morbidity and transmission, is high.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Performance of commercially available serological diagnostic tests to detect Leishmania infantum infection on experimentally infected dogs.
TL;DR: Quantitative ELISA based tests perform better than qualitative tests ("Rapid Tests"), and the test best suited to detect Leishmaniasis in infected dogs and to provide clinically useful information was LEISCAN(®) Leishmania ELISA Test.
Journal ArticleDOI
An integrated overview of the midgut bacterial flora composition of Phlebotomus perniciosus, a vector of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in the Western Mediterranean Basin.
Wael Fraihi,Wasfi Fares,Pascale Perrin,Franck Dorkeld,Denis Sereno,Walid Barhoumi,Imed Sbissi,Saifedine Cherni,Ifhem Chelbi,Ravi Durvasula,Marcelo Ramalho-Ortigao,Maher Gtari,Elyes Zhioua +12 more
TL;DR: The occurrence of Bacillus subtilis in P. perniciosus and at least two other sand fly species studied so far suggests that this bacterial species is a potential candidate for paratransgenic or biolological approaches for the control of sand fly populations in order to prevent Leishmania transmission.
Journal ArticleDOI
Short report: production of recombinant kinesin-related protein of Leishmania donovani and its application in the serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis.
Hidekazu Takagi,Mohammad Zahidul Islam,Makoto Itoh,Anwar Ul Islam,A. R. M. Saifuddin Ekram,Sultana Monira Hussain,Yoshihisa Hashiguchi,Eisaku Kimura +7 more
TL;DR: The rKRP42 is a promising new antigen in developing immunodiagnostic methods for VL and its application in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of VL is reported.
Journal Article
Leishmaniasis: an overlooked public health concern.
TL;DR: It is concluded that elimination of the disease is still a challenge for the international health community because of the lack of a commercially available vaccine, the Lack of access to efficient drug therapy mainly in the developing countries, the limited local resources of the affected countries.
Journal ArticleDOI
Non-Invasive Cytology Brush PCR Diagnostic Testing in Mucosal Leishmaniasis: Superior Performance to Conventional Biopsy with Histopathology
Andrea K. Boggild,Braulio M. Valencia,Nicolas Veland,Ana Pilar Ramos,Flor Calderon,Jorge Arevalo,Jorge Arevalo,Donald E. Low,Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas,Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas +9 more
TL;DR: Use of commercial grade cytology brush PCR for diagnosis of ML is sensitive, rapid, well tolerated, and carries none of the risks of invasive diagnostic procedures such as biopsy.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The increase in risk factors for leishmaniasis worldwide.
TL;DR: Increasing risk factors are making leishmaniasis a growing public health concern for many countries around the world, and some are related to a specific eco-epidemiological entity, others affect all forms of leish maniasis.
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Drug resistance in Indian visceral leishmaniasis.
TL;DR: Despite several disadvantages, amphotericin B is the only drug available for use in these areas and should be used as first‐line drug instead of Sbv, and the new oral antileishmanial drug miltefosine is likely to be the first-line drug in future.
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Rapid accurate field diagnosis of Indian visceral leishmaniasis
TL;DR: In this paper, a prospective study was conducted to assess the diagnostic usefulness of non-invasive testing for antibody to the leishmanial antigen K39 by means of antigen-impregnated nitrocellulose paper strips adapted for use under field conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of insecticide-impregnated dog collars on incidence of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in Iranian children: a matched-cluster randomised trial.
TL;DR: Community-wide application of deltamethrin-impregnated dog collars not only protects domestic dogs from L infantum infections, but might also reduce the risk of L infantu infection in children.