Journal ArticleDOI
Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives.
TLDR
Research for leishmaniasis has been more and more focusing on the development of new tools such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines, and the newly available control tools should allow a scaling up of control activities in priority areas.Abstract:
Leishmaniasis represents a complex of diseases with an important clinical and epidemiological diversity. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is of higher priority than cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) as it is a fatal disease in the absence of treatment. Anthroponotic VL foci are of special concern as they are at the origin of frequent and deathly epidemics (e.g. Sudan). Leishmaniasis burden remains important: 88 countries, 350 million people at risk, 500,000 new cases of VL per year, 1-1.5 million for CL and DALYs: 2.4 millions. Most of the burden is concentrated on few countries which allows clear geographic priorities. Leishmaniasis is still an important public health problem due to not only environmental risk factors such as massive migrations, urbanisation, deforestation, new irrigation schemes, but also to individual risk factors: HIV, malnutrition, genetic, etc em leader Leishmaniasis is part of those diseases which still requires improved control tools. Consequently WHO/TDR research for leishmaniasis has been more and more focusing on the development of new tools such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines. The ongoing effort has already produced significant results. The newly available control tools should allow a scaling up of control activities in priority areas. In anthroponotic foci, the feasibility of getting a strong impact on mortality, morbidity and transmission, is high.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Lived Experiences of Patients Suffering from Acute Old World Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Qualitative Content Analysis Study from Iran.
Alireza Khatami,Maria Emmelin,Rezvan Talaee,Akram Miramin-Mohammadi,Nessa Aghazadeh,Alireza Firooz,Berndt Stenberg +6 more
TL;DR: Mental and social dimensions of cutaneous leishmaniasis were complex and adversely affected patients’ lives by causing psychological burden and limiting their social interactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
HisAK70: progress towards a vaccine against different forms of leishmaniosis
Gustavo Domínguez-Bernal,Pilar Horcajo,José A. Orden,J.A. Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria,Ricardo de la Fuente,Lara Ordóñez-Gutiérrez,Abel Martínez-Rodrigo,Alicia Mas,Javier Carrión +8 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that immunization with the HisAK70 DNA-vaccine may provide a rapid, suitable, and efficient vaccination strategy to confer cross-protective immunity against VL and CL.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deep-sequencing revealing mutation dynamics in the miltefosine transporter gene in Leishmania infantum selected for miltefosine resistance
TL;DR: It is shown that the prevalence of mutated alleles was increasing when the drug pressure heightened, that more mutations were observed in highly resistant mutants, and that most mutations remained when parasites were cultured for a few passages in the absence of miltefosine.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dressings Combined with Injection of Meglumine Antimoniate in the Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Alireza Khatami,Rezvan Talaee,Makan Rahshenas,Ali Khamesipour,Pedram Mehryan,Sepideh Tehrani,Yahya Dowlati,Alireza Firooz +7 more
TL;DR: It could not be demonstrated that the efficacy of i.l.MA was improved by either dressing, and the primary outcome was absolute risk reduction (ARR), which was defined as more than 75% reduction in the size of the lesion compared with baseline in each group at the termination of treatment and 1 month later.
Journal ArticleDOI
Are New World leishmaniases becoming anthroponoses
TL;DR: This paper considers that the reduction of biodiversity associated with anthropogenic environmental changes and the subsequent adaptations and interactions of new vectors and reservoir hosts at the interface with humans could result in new pathogenic complexes tending to synanthropic zoonoses, if not anthroponoses.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The increase in risk factors for leishmaniasis worldwide.
TL;DR: Increasing risk factors are making leishmaniasis a growing public health concern for many countries around the world, and some are related to a specific eco-epidemiological entity, others affect all forms of leish maniasis.
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Drug resistance in Indian visceral leishmaniasis.
TL;DR: Despite several disadvantages, amphotericin B is the only drug available for use in these areas and should be used as first‐line drug instead of Sbv, and the new oral antileishmanial drug miltefosine is likely to be the first-line drug in future.
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Rapid accurate field diagnosis of Indian visceral leishmaniasis
TL;DR: In this paper, a prospective study was conducted to assess the diagnostic usefulness of non-invasive testing for antibody to the leishmanial antigen K39 by means of antigen-impregnated nitrocellulose paper strips adapted for use under field conditions.
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Effect of insecticide-impregnated dog collars on incidence of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in Iranian children: a matched-cluster randomised trial.
TL;DR: Community-wide application of deltamethrin-impregnated dog collars not only protects domestic dogs from L infantum infections, but might also reduce the risk of L infantu infection in children.