Journal ArticleDOI
Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives.
TLDR
Research for leishmaniasis has been more and more focusing on the development of new tools such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines, and the newly available control tools should allow a scaling up of control activities in priority areas.Abstract:
Leishmaniasis represents a complex of diseases with an important clinical and epidemiological diversity. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is of higher priority than cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) as it is a fatal disease in the absence of treatment. Anthroponotic VL foci are of special concern as they are at the origin of frequent and deathly epidemics (e.g. Sudan). Leishmaniasis burden remains important: 88 countries, 350 million people at risk, 500,000 new cases of VL per year, 1-1.5 million for CL and DALYs: 2.4 millions. Most of the burden is concentrated on few countries which allows clear geographic priorities. Leishmaniasis is still an important public health problem due to not only environmental risk factors such as massive migrations, urbanisation, deforestation, new irrigation schemes, but also to individual risk factors: HIV, malnutrition, genetic, etc em leader Leishmaniasis is part of those diseases which still requires improved control tools. Consequently WHO/TDR research for leishmaniasis has been more and more focusing on the development of new tools such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines. The ongoing effort has already produced significant results. The newly available control tools should allow a scaling up of control activities in priority areas. In anthroponotic foci, the feasibility of getting a strong impact on mortality, morbidity and transmission, is high.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Leishmaniasis in an Era of Conflict in the Middle East
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to collate the most recent data on the burden of the disease, diagnostic applications, eco-epidemiology of vectors, and reservoir hosts, and how the control projects have been developing in the Middle East.
Journal ArticleDOI
[Mortality due to visceral leishmaniasis: clinical and laboratory characteristics].
Janaina Michelle de Oliveira,Ana Claudia Fernandes,Maria Elizabeth Cavalheiros Dorval,Tulia Peixoto Alves,Thiago Dias Fernandes,Elisa Teruya Oshiro,Ana Lúcia Lyrio de Oliveira +6 more
TL;DR: The data showed that early identification of these clinical and laboratory characteristics of cases with a fatal outcome in hospitals in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, between 2003 and 2008 is extremely important for reducing mortality through instituting efficient therapeutic and prophylactic measures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activities of Nigella sativa and its active principle, thymoquinone
Hossein Mahmoudvand,Razieh Tavakoli,Fariba Sharififar,Keyhan Minaie,Behrouz Ezatpour,Sareh Jahanbakhsh,Iraj Sharifi +6 more
TL;DR: N. sativa, especially its active principle, thymoquinone, showed a potent leishmanicidal activity against L. tropica and L.infantum with an in vitro model, showing higher cytotoxic effects against murine macrophages than the other extracts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Psychosocial impact of scars due to cutaneous leishmaniasis on high school students in Errachidia province, Morocco.
TL;DR: The burden of CL in this age group is not negligible, but the indelible CL scars lead to self-stigma and social stigma, and the emergence of negative psychological effects inThis age group are not negligible.
Journal ArticleDOI
Animal reservoirs for visceral leishmaniasis in densely populated urban areas
Soraia de Araújo Diniz,Fabiana Lessa Silva,Alcina C. Carvalho Neta,R. Bueno,Rita de Maria Seabra Nogueira de Candanedo Guerra,Ana Lucia Abreu-Silva,Renato L. Santos +6 more
TL;DR: This review emphasizes the animal reservoirs and spreading of visceral leishmaniasis in urban areas, particularly in two Brazilian metropolitan areas, namely São Luis and Belo Horizonte, where the disease has become endemic in the past few years.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The increase in risk factors for leishmaniasis worldwide.
TL;DR: Increasing risk factors are making leishmaniasis a growing public health concern for many countries around the world, and some are related to a specific eco-epidemiological entity, others affect all forms of leish maniasis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Drug resistance in Indian visceral leishmaniasis.
TL;DR: Despite several disadvantages, amphotericin B is the only drug available for use in these areas and should be used as first‐line drug instead of Sbv, and the new oral antileishmanial drug miltefosine is likely to be the first-line drug in future.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rapid accurate field diagnosis of Indian visceral leishmaniasis
TL;DR: In this paper, a prospective study was conducted to assess the diagnostic usefulness of non-invasive testing for antibody to the leishmanial antigen K39 by means of antigen-impregnated nitrocellulose paper strips adapted for use under field conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of insecticide-impregnated dog collars on incidence of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in Iranian children: a matched-cluster randomised trial.
TL;DR: Community-wide application of deltamethrin-impregnated dog collars not only protects domestic dogs from L infantum infections, but might also reduce the risk of L infantu infection in children.