Journal ArticleDOI
Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives.
TLDR
Research for leishmaniasis has been more and more focusing on the development of new tools such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines, and the newly available control tools should allow a scaling up of control activities in priority areas.Abstract:
Leishmaniasis represents a complex of diseases with an important clinical and epidemiological diversity. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is of higher priority than cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) as it is a fatal disease in the absence of treatment. Anthroponotic VL foci are of special concern as they are at the origin of frequent and deathly epidemics (e.g. Sudan). Leishmaniasis burden remains important: 88 countries, 350 million people at risk, 500,000 new cases of VL per year, 1-1.5 million for CL and DALYs: 2.4 millions. Most of the burden is concentrated on few countries which allows clear geographic priorities. Leishmaniasis is still an important public health problem due to not only environmental risk factors such as massive migrations, urbanisation, deforestation, new irrigation schemes, but also to individual risk factors: HIV, malnutrition, genetic, etc em leader Leishmaniasis is part of those diseases which still requires improved control tools. Consequently WHO/TDR research for leishmaniasis has been more and more focusing on the development of new tools such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines. The ongoing effort has already produced significant results. The newly available control tools should allow a scaling up of control activities in priority areas. In anthroponotic foci, the feasibility of getting a strong impact on mortality, morbidity and transmission, is high.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Current status of nanoscale drug delivery and the future of nano-vaccine development for leishmaniasis - A review.
Pragya Prasanna,Prakash Kumar,Saurabh Kumar,Vinod Kumar Rajana,Vishnu Kant,Surendra Prasad,Utpal Mohan,Velayutham Ravichandiran,Debabrata Mandal +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the role of physicochemical properties of a nanoscale delivery system is discussed and different ways of nano-formulation delivery ranging from liposome, niosomes, polymeric, metallic, solid-lipid NPs were updated along with the possible mechanisms of action against the parasite.
Journal ArticleDOI
Use of Optical Imaging Technology in the Validation of a New, Rapid, Cost-Effective Drug Screen as Part of a Tiered In Vivo Screening Paradigm for Development of Drugs To Treat Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.
Diana Caridha,Sandi Parriot,Thomas H. Hudson,Thierry Lang,Franklyn Ngundam,Susan E. Leed,Jenell Sena,Michael Harris,Michael T. O’Neil,Richard J. Sciotti,Lisa Read,Hervé Lecoeur,Mark Hickman,Max Grogl +13 more
TL;DR: A high-throughput, first-tier, noninvasive model of lesion suppression that uses an in vivo optical imaging technology for the initial screening of compounds is described and a strong correlation between luciferase activity and the parasite load at up to 18 days postinfection was found.
Journal ArticleDOI
Control of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Using Geographic Information Systems from 2010 to 2014 in Khuzestan Province, Iran.
TL;DR: Analysis of data distributed in the geographic spaces are increasingly appreciated in leishmaniasis control management as GIS tools promoted greater efficiency in making decisions and planning activities in the control of vector born disease such as leish maniasis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Demographic and clinical characterization of human visceral leishmaniasis in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil between 2006 and 2015.
TL;DR: It is evident from this study that despite efforts to contain this disease, HVL in Pernambuco exhibits patterns similar to those described in previous studies, and it is suggested to reassessing the current prevention and control measures in the state.
Seroprevalence of Canine Leishmaniasis and American Trypanosomiasis in Dogs From
Alexa C. Rosypal,Shanesha Tripp,Christopher Kinlaw,R. N. Sharma,D. Stone,Jitender P. Dubey,C Johnson +6 more
TL;DR: Chappuis et al. as mentioned in this paper examined the serological prevalence of Leishmania spp. and T. cruzi in dogs from Grenada, West Indies, using commercial immunochromato- graphic dipstick tests for canine VL and AT.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The increase in risk factors for leishmaniasis worldwide.
TL;DR: Increasing risk factors are making leishmaniasis a growing public health concern for many countries around the world, and some are related to a specific eco-epidemiological entity, others affect all forms of leish maniasis.
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Drug resistance in Indian visceral leishmaniasis.
TL;DR: Despite several disadvantages, amphotericin B is the only drug available for use in these areas and should be used as first‐line drug instead of Sbv, and the new oral antileishmanial drug miltefosine is likely to be the first-line drug in future.
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Rapid accurate field diagnosis of Indian visceral leishmaniasis
TL;DR: In this paper, a prospective study was conducted to assess the diagnostic usefulness of non-invasive testing for antibody to the leishmanial antigen K39 by means of antigen-impregnated nitrocellulose paper strips adapted for use under field conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of insecticide-impregnated dog collars on incidence of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in Iranian children: a matched-cluster randomised trial.
TL;DR: Community-wide application of deltamethrin-impregnated dog collars not only protects domestic dogs from L infantum infections, but might also reduce the risk of L infantu infection in children.