Journal ArticleDOI
Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives.
TLDR
Research for leishmaniasis has been more and more focusing on the development of new tools such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines, and the newly available control tools should allow a scaling up of control activities in priority areas.Abstract:
Leishmaniasis represents a complex of diseases with an important clinical and epidemiological diversity. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is of higher priority than cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) as it is a fatal disease in the absence of treatment. Anthroponotic VL foci are of special concern as they are at the origin of frequent and deathly epidemics (e.g. Sudan). Leishmaniasis burden remains important: 88 countries, 350 million people at risk, 500,000 new cases of VL per year, 1-1.5 million for CL and DALYs: 2.4 millions. Most of the burden is concentrated on few countries which allows clear geographic priorities. Leishmaniasis is still an important public health problem due to not only environmental risk factors such as massive migrations, urbanisation, deforestation, new irrigation schemes, but also to individual risk factors: HIV, malnutrition, genetic, etc em leader Leishmaniasis is part of those diseases which still requires improved control tools. Consequently WHO/TDR research for leishmaniasis has been more and more focusing on the development of new tools such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines. The ongoing effort has already produced significant results. The newly available control tools should allow a scaling up of control activities in priority areas. In anthroponotic foci, the feasibility of getting a strong impact on mortality, morbidity and transmission, is high.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Nanoemulsions loaded with amphotericin B: A new approach for the treatment of leishmaniasis
Leila Rodrigues Caldeira,Flaviana R. Fernandes,Daniel F. Costa,Frédéric Frézard,Luís Carlos Crocco Afonso,Lucas Antônio Miranda Ferreira +5 more
TL;DR: Electronic absorption and circular dichroism data revealed that the signal characteristic of self-associated free AmB, the most toxic form to the host cells, was virtually absent in the spectra of AmB-loaded NE, and NE-induced toxicity toward macrophages was significantly lower than that observed for the conventional AmB.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for simple detection of Leishmania infection
Chaichontat Sriworarat,Atchara Phumee,Mathirut Mungthin,Saovanee Leelayoova,Padet Siriyasatien,Padet Siriyasatien +5 more
TL;DR: A simple colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique for the direct detection of Leishmania DNA could enable the rapid diagnosis of leishmaniasis, thereby facilitating the survey and control of leishingmaniasis in Thailand.
Journal ArticleDOI
Induction of immunogenicity by live attenuated Leishmania donovani centrin deleted parasites in dogs.
Jacqueline Araújo Fiuza,Helton C. Santiago,Angamuthu Selvapandiyan,Sreenivas Gannavaram,Natasha Delaqua Ricci,Lilian Lacerda Bueno,Daniella Castanheira Bartholomeu,Rodrigo Correa-Oliveira,Hira L. Nakhasi,Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara +9 more
TL;DR: Vaccination with LdCen(-/-) resulted in high immunogenicity as revealed by the higher IgGTotal, IgG1, and IgG2 production and higher lymphoproliferative response, and vaccinated dogs showed higher frequencies of activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and increased secretion of TNF-α and IL-12/IL-23p40 and decreased secretion of IL-4.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prodrugs for the treatment of neglected diseases.
Man Chin Chung,Elizabeth Igne Ferreira,Jean Leandro dos Santos,Jeanine Giarolla,Daniela Gonçales Rando,Adélia Emília Almeida,Priscila Longhin Bosquesi,Renato Farina Menegon,Lorena Blau +8 more
TL;DR: The present review covers 20 years of research on the design of prodrugs for the treatment of neglected and extremely neglected diseases such as Chagas’ disease (American trypanosomiasis), sleeping sickness, sleeping sickness), malaria, sickle cell disease, tuberculosis, leishmaniasis and schisto-miasis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanopharmaceuticals as a solution to neglected diseases: Is it possible?
German Abel Islan,Marcela Durán,Maximiliano Luis Cacicedo,Gerson Nakazato,Renata Katsuko Takayama Kobayashi,Diego Stéfani T. Martinez,Guillermo R. Castro,Nelson Durán +7 more
TL;DR: This review deals with the current status of nanobiotechnology in the treatment of neglected diseases and highlights how it provides key tools for exploring new perspectives in the Treatment of a wide range of diseases.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The increase in risk factors for leishmaniasis worldwide.
TL;DR: Increasing risk factors are making leishmaniasis a growing public health concern for many countries around the world, and some are related to a specific eco-epidemiological entity, others affect all forms of leish maniasis.
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Drug resistance in Indian visceral leishmaniasis.
TL;DR: Despite several disadvantages, amphotericin B is the only drug available for use in these areas and should be used as first‐line drug instead of Sbv, and the new oral antileishmanial drug miltefosine is likely to be the first-line drug in future.
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Rapid accurate field diagnosis of Indian visceral leishmaniasis
TL;DR: In this paper, a prospective study was conducted to assess the diagnostic usefulness of non-invasive testing for antibody to the leishmanial antigen K39 by means of antigen-impregnated nitrocellulose paper strips adapted for use under field conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of insecticide-impregnated dog collars on incidence of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in Iranian children: a matched-cluster randomised trial.
TL;DR: Community-wide application of deltamethrin-impregnated dog collars not only protects domestic dogs from L infantum infections, but might also reduce the risk of L infantu infection in children.