Metal Additive Manufacturing: A Review
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TLDR
The state-of-the-art of additive manufacturing (AM) can be classified into three categories: direct digital manufacturing, free-form fabrication, or 3D printing as discussed by the authors.Abstract:
This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of an important, rapidly emerging, manufacturing technology that is alternatively called additive manufacturing (AM), direct digital manufacturing, free form fabrication, or 3D printing, etc. A broad contextual overview of metallic AM is provided. AM has the potential to revolutionize the global parts manufacturing and logistics landscape. It enables distributed manufacturing and the productions of parts-on-demand while offering the potential to reduce cost, energy consumption, and carbon footprint. This paper explores the material science, processes, and business consideration associated with achieving these performance gains. It is concluded that a paradigm shift is required in order to fully exploit AM potential.read more
Citations
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Additive manufacturing of shape memory alloys: A review with emphasis on powder bed systems
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive review of additive manufacturing applied to various shape memory alloys (SMAs) is presented, with focus on the influence of process parameters and heat-treatment on the microstructure, printability, and structural and functional behavior of additively fabricated samples.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wire-arc additive manufacturing of a duplex stainless steel: thermal cycle analysis and microstructure characterization
Vahid A. Hosseini,Mats Högström,Kjell Hurtig,Maria Asuncion Valiente Bermejo,Lars Erik Stridh,Leif Karlsson +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the evolution of microstructures with thermal cycles was studied for wire-arc additive manufacturing of duplex stainless steel blocks, and the results showed that a similar geometry was produced with 14 layers for LHLT and 15 layers for HHHT.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluating Measuring Techniques for Occupational Exposure during Additive Manufacturing of Metals : A Pilot Study
TL;DR: Additive manufacturing that creates three-dimensional objects by adding layer upon layer of material is a new technique that has proven to be an excellent tool for themanufacturing of complex struct...
Journal ArticleDOI
Additive manufacturing – A review of hot deformation behavior and constitutive modeling of flow stress
TL;DR: In this paper , the state of the art of the elevated temperature deformation behavior and constitutive description of flow stress during thermomechanical processing of additively manufactured parts is summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of Powder Characteristics on Formation of Porosity in Additive Manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V Components
Maurizio Iebba,Antonello Astarita,Daniela Mistretta,Ivano Colonna,Mariacira Liberini,Fabio Scherillo,Carmine Pirozzi,Rosario Borrelli,Stefania Franchitti,Antonino Squillace +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed experimental campaign was carried out to characterize the components made through the two additive manufacturing techniques aforementioned and the powders used in the process, and it was found that some defects of the final components can be attributed to internal porosities of the powder used in manufacturing process.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
As-Fabricated and Heat-Treated Microstructures of the Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Processed by Selective Laser Melting
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the various types of microstructure of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy after post-fabrication heat treatments below or above the β transus.
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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Wire and Arc Additive Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V
TL;DR: In this paper, the macrostructure, microstructure and mechanical properties of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy after WAAM deposition have been investigated, and the average yield and ultimate tensile strengths of the as-deposited material were found to be slightly lower than those for a forged Ti- 6Al 4V bar (MIL-T 9047), however, the ductility was similar and the mean fatigue life was significantly higher.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cost estimation for rapid manufacturing - laser sintering production for low to medium volumes:
TL;DR: In this article, a cost model for laser sintering is proposed, which leads to graph profiles that are typical for layer-by-layer manufacturing processes, and the evolution of cost models and the indirect cost significance in modern costing representation is shown.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental aspects of laser-based and conventional tool and die manufacturing
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated three case studies to reveal the extent to which DMD-based manufacturing of molds and dies can currently achieve reduced environmental emissions and energy consumption relative to conventional manufacturing pathways.
Journal ArticleDOI
The laser additive manufacture of Ti-6Al-4V
P. A. Kobryn,S. L. Semiatin +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between LAM processing parameters and microstructure in as-deposited Ti-6Al-4V was investigated, and the results presented in this paper provide a first look at the relationships between the two parameters.