Metal Additive Manufacturing: A Review
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TLDR
The state-of-the-art of additive manufacturing (AM) can be classified into three categories: direct digital manufacturing, free-form fabrication, or 3D printing as discussed by the authors.Abstract:
This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of an important, rapidly emerging, manufacturing technology that is alternatively called additive manufacturing (AM), direct digital manufacturing, free form fabrication, or 3D printing, etc. A broad contextual overview of metallic AM is provided. AM has the potential to revolutionize the global parts manufacturing and logistics landscape. It enables distributed manufacturing and the productions of parts-on-demand while offering the potential to reduce cost, energy consumption, and carbon footprint. This paper explores the material science, processes, and business consideration associated with achieving these performance gains. It is concluded that a paradigm shift is required in order to fully exploit AM potential.read more
Citations
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Duplex stainless steel fabricated by selective laser melting - Microstructural and mechanical properties
Florian Hengsbach,Peter Koppa,Kristina Duschik,Martin Holzweissig,Madison Burns,Jens Nellesen,Wolfgang Tillmann,Thomas Tröster,Kay-Peter Hoyer,Mirko Schaper +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, microstructural and mechanical characterizations of duplex stainless steel UNS S31803 processed by selective laser melting (SLM) are conducted to shed light on the phase arrangement evolving in the as-built condition and in several heat-treated conditions.
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Energy Coupling Mechanisms and Scaling Behavior Associated with Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing
Jianchao Ye,Saad A. Khairallah,Alexander M. Rubenchik,Michael F. Crumb,Gabe Guss,James Belak,Manyalibo J. Matthews +6 more
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In situ morphology-based defect detection of selective laser melting through inline coherent imaging
TL;DR: In this paper, a low-coherence interferometric imaging technique, termed inline coherent imaging (ICI), is coaxially integrated into the selective laser melting process to monitor melt pool morphology changes and stability at 200 kHz.
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Powder bed binder jet printed alloy 625: Densification, microstructure and mechanical properties
Amir Mostafaei,Erica Stevens,Eamonn T. Hughes,Shannon D. Biery,Colleen Hilla,Markus Chmielus +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of sintering temperature on density, microstructure, phase formation and mechanical properties of power bed binder jet printed alloy 625 parts was investigated, and the as-received powder was subjected to differential scanning calorimetry analysis, and printed samples were cured and sintered at various temperatures under high vacuum.
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Spatter formation in selective laser melting process using multi-laser technology
TL;DR: In this article, the significant role of recoil pressure in selective laser melting (SLM) process using multi-laser technology is demonstrated, and a computational image analysis framework is developed to assess the size and the number of induced spatters.
References
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As-Fabricated and Heat-Treated Microstructures of the Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Processed by Selective Laser Melting
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the various types of microstructure of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy after post-fabrication heat treatments below or above the β transus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Wire and Arc Additive Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V
TL;DR: In this paper, the macrostructure, microstructure and mechanical properties of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy after WAAM deposition have been investigated, and the average yield and ultimate tensile strengths of the as-deposited material were found to be slightly lower than those for a forged Ti- 6Al 4V bar (MIL-T 9047), however, the ductility was similar and the mean fatigue life was significantly higher.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cost estimation for rapid manufacturing - laser sintering production for low to medium volumes:
TL;DR: In this article, a cost model for laser sintering is proposed, which leads to graph profiles that are typical for layer-by-layer manufacturing processes, and the evolution of cost models and the indirect cost significance in modern costing representation is shown.
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Environmental aspects of laser-based and conventional tool and die manufacturing
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated three case studies to reveal the extent to which DMD-based manufacturing of molds and dies can currently achieve reduced environmental emissions and energy consumption relative to conventional manufacturing pathways.
Journal ArticleDOI
The laser additive manufacture of Ti-6Al-4V
P. A. Kobryn,S. L. Semiatin +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between LAM processing parameters and microstructure in as-deposited Ti-6Al-4V was investigated, and the results presented in this paper provide a first look at the relationships between the two parameters.