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Metal Additive Manufacturing: A Review

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TLDR
The state-of-the-art of additive manufacturing (AM) can be classified into three categories: direct digital manufacturing, free-form fabrication, or 3D printing as discussed by the authors.
Abstract
This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of an important, rapidly emerging, manufacturing technology that is alternatively called additive manufacturing (AM), direct digital manufacturing, free form fabrication, or 3D printing, etc. A broad contextual overview of metallic AM is provided. AM has the potential to revolutionize the global parts manufacturing and logistics landscape. It enables distributed manufacturing and the productions of parts-on-demand while offering the potential to reduce cost, energy consumption, and carbon footprint. This paper explores the material science, processes, and business consideration associated with achieving these performance gains. It is concluded that a paradigm shift is required in order to fully exploit AM potential.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Design for additive manufacturing: Framework and methodology

TL;DR: This paper presents a framework for DfAM methods and tools, subdivided into three distinct stages of product development: AM process selection, product redesign for functionality enhancement, and product optimization for the AM process chosen.
Journal ArticleDOI

Reducing lack of fusion during selective laser melting of CoCrMo alloy: Effect of laser power on geometrical features of tracks

TL;DR: In this paper, experiments and analysis have been conducted to reveal how laser power and thus energy, as other parameters are kept unchanged, affect the geometrical features of SLM tracks and the formation of LOF.
Journal ArticleDOI

Low cycle fatigue behavior of direct metal laser sintered Inconel alloy 718

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the strength and low cycle fatigue (LCF) life of direct metal laser sintered (DMLS) Inconel 718 superalloy at room temperature.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

As-Fabricated and Heat-Treated Microstructures of the Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Processed by Selective Laser Melting

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the various types of microstructure of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy after post-fabrication heat treatments below or above the β transus.
Journal ArticleDOI

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Wire and Arc Additive Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V

TL;DR: In this paper, the macrostructure, microstructure and mechanical properties of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy after WAAM deposition have been investigated, and the average yield and ultimate tensile strengths of the as-deposited material were found to be slightly lower than those for a forged Ti- 6Al 4V bar (MIL-T 9047), however, the ductility was similar and the mean fatigue life was significantly higher.
Journal ArticleDOI

Cost estimation for rapid manufacturing - laser sintering production for low to medium volumes:

TL;DR: In this article, a cost model for laser sintering is proposed, which leads to graph profiles that are typical for layer-by-layer manufacturing processes, and the evolution of cost models and the indirect cost significance in modern costing representation is shown.
Journal ArticleDOI

Environmental aspects of laser-based and conventional tool and die manufacturing

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated three case studies to reveal the extent to which DMD-based manufacturing of molds and dies can currently achieve reduced environmental emissions and energy consumption relative to conventional manufacturing pathways.
Journal ArticleDOI

The laser additive manufacture of Ti-6Al-4V

TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between LAM processing parameters and microstructure in as-deposited Ti-6Al-4V was investigated, and the results presented in this paper provide a first look at the relationships between the two parameters.
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