Metal Additive Manufacturing: A Review
TLDR
The state-of-the-art of additive manufacturing (AM) can be classified into three categories: direct digital manufacturing, free-form fabrication, or 3D printing as discussed by the authors.Abstract:
This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of an important, rapidly emerging, manufacturing technology that is alternatively called additive manufacturing (AM), direct digital manufacturing, free form fabrication, or 3D printing, etc. A broad contextual overview of metallic AM is provided. AM has the potential to revolutionize the global parts manufacturing and logistics landscape. It enables distributed manufacturing and the productions of parts-on-demand while offering the potential to reduce cost, energy consumption, and carbon footprint. This paper explores the material science, processes, and business consideration associated with achieving these performance gains. It is concluded that a paradigm shift is required in order to fully exploit AM potential.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Additive manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V alloy- A review
Hung Dang Nguyen,A. Pramanik,Asit K. Basak,Y. Dong,Charles Prakash,S. Debnath,S.Basavarajappa G.S. Shiva Shankar,I.S. Jawahir,Sourav Dixit,Dharam Buddhi +9 more
TL;DR: The most popular additive manufacturing (AM) technologies to produce titanium alloy parts are electron beam melting (EBM), selective laser melting (SLM) and directed energy deposition (DED) as discussed by the authors .
Journal ArticleDOI
On the stress corrosion crack growth behaviour in high temperature water of 316L stainless steel made by laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive study of the stress corrosion crack growth behavior of laser additively-manufactured (AM) 316L stainless steel in high temperature water was performed and a wide range of parameters and their effects were evaluated, including microstructure, heat treatment, stress intensity factor, cold work, crack orientation, oxidizing vs. reducing conditions, and porosity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Iron and Nickel Cellular Structures by Sintering of 3D-Printed Oxide or Metallic Particle Inks†
TL;DR: In this article, an elastomeric binder and graded volatility solvents are 3D-printed via syringe extrusion and sintered to form metallic cellular structures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Study of pore defect and mechanical properties in selective laser melted Ti6Al4V alloy based on X-ray computed tomography
Liu Wei,Chaoyue Chen,Sansan Shuai,Ruixin Zhao,Longtao Liu,Xiaodong Wang,Tao Hu,Weidong Xuan,Chuanjun Li,Jianbo Yu,Jiang Wang,Zhongming Ren +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of processing parameters on pore defects and their formation mechanism are discussed thoroughly, and the results showed that two major types of pore defect are observed: the lack-of-fusion caused by low volumetric energy density (VED), and the keyhole mode resulting from excessive energy densities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Additive Manufacturing Along Principal Stress Lines
TL;DR: In this article, a new method of material deposition called Stress Line Additive Manufacturing (SLAM) is proposed, which deposits filament along paths derived from principal stress lines and unifies the design and optimization of the geometry and filament layout of AM-produced parts.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
As-Fabricated and Heat-Treated Microstructures of the Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Processed by Selective Laser Melting
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the various types of microstructure of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy after post-fabrication heat treatments below or above the β transus.
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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Wire and Arc Additive Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V
TL;DR: In this paper, the macrostructure, microstructure and mechanical properties of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy after WAAM deposition have been investigated, and the average yield and ultimate tensile strengths of the as-deposited material were found to be slightly lower than those for a forged Ti- 6Al 4V bar (MIL-T 9047), however, the ductility was similar and the mean fatigue life was significantly higher.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cost estimation for rapid manufacturing - laser sintering production for low to medium volumes:
TL;DR: In this article, a cost model for laser sintering is proposed, which leads to graph profiles that are typical for layer-by-layer manufacturing processes, and the evolution of cost models and the indirect cost significance in modern costing representation is shown.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental aspects of laser-based and conventional tool and die manufacturing
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated three case studies to reveal the extent to which DMD-based manufacturing of molds and dies can currently achieve reduced environmental emissions and energy consumption relative to conventional manufacturing pathways.
Journal ArticleDOI
The laser additive manufacture of Ti-6Al-4V
P. A. Kobryn,S. L. Semiatin +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between LAM processing parameters and microstructure in as-deposited Ti-6Al-4V was investigated, and the results presented in this paper provide a first look at the relationships between the two parameters.