Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless Networks: Potentials and Challenges
Sundeep Rangan,Theodore S. Rappaport,Elza Erkip +2 more
- Vol. 102, Iss: 3, pp 366-385
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TLDR
Measurements and capacity studies are surveyed to assess mmW technology with a focus on small cell deployments in urban environments and it is shown that mmW systems can offer more than an order of magnitude increase in capacity over current state-of-the-art 4G cellular networks at current cell densities.Abstract:
Millimeter-wave (mmW) frequencies between 30 and 300 GHz are a new frontier for cellular communication that offers the promise of orders of magnitude greater bandwidths combined with further gains via beamforming and spatial multiplexing from multielement antenna arrays. This paper surveys measurements and capacity studies to assess this technology with a focus on small cell deployments in urban environments. The conclusions are extremely encouraging; measurements in New York City at 28 and 73 GHz demonstrate that, even in an urban canyon environment, significant non-line-of-sight (NLOS) outdoor, street-level coverage is possible up to approximately 200 m from a potential low-power microcell or picocell base station. In addition, based on statistical channel models from these measurements, it is shown that mmW systems can offer more than an order of magnitude increase in capacity over current state-of-the-art 4G cellular networks at current cell densities. Cellular systems, however, will need to be significantly redesigned to fully achieve these gains. Specifically, the requirement of highly directional and adaptive transmissions, directional isolation between links, and significant possibilities of outage have strong implications on multiple access, channel structure, synchronization, and receiver design. To address these challenges, the paper discusses how various technologies including adaptive beamforming, multihop relaying, heterogeneous network architectures, and carrier aggregation can be leveraged in the mmW context.read more
Citations
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Jeffrey G. Andrews,Stefano Buzzi,Wan Choi,Stephen V. Hanly,Angel Lozano,Anthony C. K. Soong,Jianzhong Charlie Zhang +6 more
TL;DR: This paper discusses all of these topics, identifying key challenges for future research and preliminary 5G standardization activities, while providing a comprehensive overview of the current literature, and in particular of the papers appearing in this special issue.
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An Overview of Signal Processing Techniques for Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems
TL;DR: This article provides an overview of signal processing challenges in mmWave wireless systems, with an emphasis on those faced by using MIMO communication at higher carrier frequencies.
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Millimeter Wave Channel Modeling and Cellular Capacity Evaluation
Mustafa Riza Akdeniz,Yuanpeng Liu,Mathew K. Samimi,Shu Sun,Sundeep Rangan,Theodore S. Rappaport,Elza Erkip +6 more
TL;DR: Detailed spatial statistical models of the channels are derived and it is found that, even in highly non-line-of-sight environments, strong signals can be detected 100-200 m from potential cell sites, potentially with multiple clusters to support spatial multiplexing.
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5G : A tutorial overview of standards, trials, challenges, deployment, and practice
Mansoor Shafi,Andreas F. Molisch,Peter J. Smith,Thomas Haustein,Peiying Zhu,Prasan De Silva,Fredrik Tufvesson,Anass Benjebbour,Gerhard Wunder +8 more
TL;DR: An overview of 5G research, standardization trials, and deployment challenges is provided, with research test beds delivering promising performance but pre-commercial trials lagging behind the desired 5G targets.
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Wideband Millimeter-Wave Propagation Measurements and Channel Models for Future Wireless Communication System Design
TL;DR: Experimental measurements and empirically-based propagation channel models for the 28, 38, 60, and 73 GHz mmWave bands are presented, using a wideband sliding correlator channel sounder with steerable directional horn antennas at both the transmitter and receiver from 2011 to 2013.
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