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Journal ArticleDOI

Pathophysiologic mechanisms of acute ischemic stroke: An overview with emphasis on therapeutic significance beyond thrombolysis

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TLDR
The objective of this review is to critically evaluate the major mechanisms underlying stroke pathophysiology, with emphasis on potential novel targets for designing newer therapeutic modalities.
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This article is published in Pathophysiology.The article was published on 2010-06-01. It has received 492 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Ischemic cascade & Stroke.

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Biotherapies in stroke.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the potential of combining cell therapy with combinatorial approaches (growth factor combined with cell therapy, in vitro optimization of cell products, or co-transplantation) and the development of biomaterials which could be used as injectable hydrogel scaffold matrices that could protect a cell graft or selectively deliver drugs and growth factors into the post-stroke cavity at chronic stages.
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Beneficial effects of mood stabilizers lithium, valproate and lamotrigine in experimental stroke models

TL;DR: The most recent findings regarding the underlying mechanisms of these phenomena will pave the way for clinical investigations that use mood stabilizers to treat stroke, and several future research avenues are proposed that may extend the understanding of the benefits of lithium, valproate and lamotrigine in improving stroke outcomes.
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The advantageous role of annexin A1 in cardiovascular disease.

TL;DR: This review details the therapeutic relevance of ANXA1 and its derived peptides in cardiovascular diseases since atherosclerosis stands out as a chronic inflammatory disease with impaired resolution and continuous leukocyte recruitment.
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Recent Advances in the Therapeutic and Diagnostic Use of Liposomes and Carbon Nanomaterials in Ischemic Stroke

TL;DR: This review focuses on ischemic stroke, being one of the major causes of death and serious long-term disabilities worldwide, and the recent advances in the study of liposomes and carbon nanomaterials for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.
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Liposomes for drug delivery in stroke

TL;DR: This review highlights the potential of liposomes applications for delivery of therapeutic compounds for treating stroke and among the various types of nanomaterials, Liposomes are the most extensively studied due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low toxicity.
References
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Atherosclerosis — An Inflammatory Disease

TL;DR: Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease as discussed by the authors, and it is a major cause of death in the United States, Europe, and much of Asia, despite changes in lifestyle and use of new pharmacologic approaches to lower plasma cholesterol concentrations.
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Direct Proinflammatory Effect of C-Reactive Protein on Human Endothelial Cells

TL;DR: The hypothesis that CRP may play a direct role in promoting the inflammatory component of atherosclerosis and present a potential target for the treatment of Atherosclerosis is supported.
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p53 Has a Direct Apoptogenic Role at the Mitochondria

TL;DR: Evidence that p53 translocation to the mitochondria occurs in vivo in irradiated thymocytes is provided and it is shown that the p53 protein can directly induce permeabilization of the outer mitochondrial membrane by forming complexes with the protective BclXL and Bcl2 proteins, resulting in cytochrome c release.
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Glutamate-mediated astrocyte-neuron signalling.

TL;DR: Astrocytes regulate neuronal calcium levels through the calcium-dependent release of glutamate, and an NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) receptor-mediated increase in neuronal calcium is demonstrated.
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