The centrosome cycle: Centriole biogenesis, duplication and inherent asymmetries
Erich A. Nigg,Tim Stearns +1 more
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TLDR
The spatial aspects of the centrosome duplication cycle, the mechanism of centriole assembly and the possible consequences of the inherent asymmetry of Centrosomes and centrosomes are discussed.Abstract:
Centrosomes are microtubule-organizing centres of animal cells. They influence the morphology of the microtubule cytoskeleton, function as the base for the primary cilium and serve as a nexus for important signalling pathways. At the core of a typical centrosome are two cylindrical microtubule-based structures termed centrioles, which recruit a matrix of associated pericentriolar material. Cells begin the cell cycle with exactly one centrosome, and the duplication of centrioles is constrained such that it occurs only once per cell cycle and at a specific site in the cell. As a result of this duplication mechanism, the two centrioles differ in age and maturity, and thus have different functions; for example, the older of the two centrioles can initiate the formation of a ciliary axoneme. We discuss spatial aspects of the centrosome duplication cycle, the mechanism of centriole assembly and the possible consequences of the inherent asymmetry of centrioles and centrosomes.read more
Citations
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APC/C‐dependent degradation of Spd2 regulates centrosome asymmetry in Drosophila neural stem cells
Francesco Meghini,Torcato Martins,Qian Zhang,Nicolas Loyer,Michelle Trickey,Yusanjiang Abula,Hiroyuki Yamano,Jens Januschke,Yuu Kimata +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used an in vitro screen for centrosomal substrates of the APC/C ubiquitin ligase in Drosophila, identifying several conserved pericentriolar material (PCM) components, including the inner PCM protein Spd2.
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Genome instability: Does genetic diversity amplification drive tumorigenesis?
Andrew B. Lane,Duncan J. Clarke +1 more
TL;DR: There is likely a period of relative genome stability during the clonal expansion of tumors – this may provide an opportunity for therapeutic intervention, especially if mechanisms that limit tolerance of aneuploidy are exploited.
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The Generation, Detection, and Prevention of Genomic Instability During Cancer Progression and Metastasis
TL;DR: While genomic instability offers selective advantages to the tumor, the tumor-specific loss of these pathways may provide therapeutic opportunities, which could be personalized through knowledge of the specific types of genomic instability that characterize an individual’s tumor.
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Correction: ATX-2, The C. elegans Ortholog of Human Ataxin-2, Regulates Centrosome Size and Microtubule Dynamics.
TL;DR: This research presents a novel probabilistic approach to estimating the response of the immune system to laser-spot assisted, 3D image analysis of central nervous system injury.
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Mechanics of Centriole Microtubules
TL;DR: This is a review paper describing recent findings about the physical properties of centriolar microtubules, the principal structures making up the centrioles, which are the principal agents in cell duplication and division (mitosis).
References
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TL;DR: The connections between cilia and developmental signalling have begun to clarify the basis of human diseases associated with ciliary dysfunction, and the cilium represents a nexus for signalling pathways during development.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Mechanism Linking Extra Centrosomes to Chromosomal Instability
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Journal ArticleDOI
Proteomic characterization of the human centrosome by protein correlation profiling
Jens S. Andersen,Christopher J. Wilkinson,Thibault Mayor,Thibault Mayor,Peter Mortensen,Erich A. Nigg,Matthias Mann +6 more
TL;DR: A mass-spectrometry-based proteomic analysis of human centrosomes in the interphase of the cell cycle by quantitatively profiling hundreds of proteins across several centrifugation fractions identified and validated 23 novel components and identified 41 likely candidates as well as the vast majority of the known centrosomal proteins in a large background of nonspecific proteins.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hippo signaling: growth control and beyond
Georg Halder,Randy L. Johnson +1 more
TL;DR: Recently discovered mechanisms that contribute to the dynamic regulation of Hippo signaling during Drosophila and vertebrate development are reviewed and exciting new insights are provided into the elusive mechanisms that regulate organ growth and regeneration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cleavage of Cohesin by the CD Clan Protease Separin Triggers Anaphase in Yeast
TL;DR: It is shown here that separin is a cysteine protease related to caspases that alone can cleave Sccl in vitro and depends on a conserved protein called separin for sister chromatid separation.