The centrosome cycle: Centriole biogenesis, duplication and inherent asymmetries
Erich A. Nigg,Tim Stearns +1 more
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TLDR
The spatial aspects of the centrosome duplication cycle, the mechanism of centriole assembly and the possible consequences of the inherent asymmetry of Centrosomes and centrosomes are discussed.Abstract:
Centrosomes are microtubule-organizing centres of animal cells. They influence the morphology of the microtubule cytoskeleton, function as the base for the primary cilium and serve as a nexus for important signalling pathways. At the core of a typical centrosome are two cylindrical microtubule-based structures termed centrioles, which recruit a matrix of associated pericentriolar material. Cells begin the cell cycle with exactly one centrosome, and the duplication of centrioles is constrained such that it occurs only once per cell cycle and at a specific site in the cell. As a result of this duplication mechanism, the two centrioles differ in age and maturity, and thus have different functions; for example, the older of the two centrioles can initiate the formation of a ciliary axoneme. We discuss spatial aspects of the centrosome duplication cycle, the mechanism of centriole assembly and the possible consequences of the inherent asymmetry of centrioles and centrosomes.read more
Citations
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Centrosome function and assembly in animal cells
TL;DR: Advances should ultimately allow the in vitro reconstitution of functional centrosomes from their component proteins to unlock the secrets of these enigmatic organelles.
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Subdiffraction-resolution fluorescence microscopy reveals a domain of the centrosome critical for pericentriolar material organization
Vito Mennella,Bettina Keszthelyi,Kent L. McDonald,Bryant B. Chhun,F Kan,Gregory C. Rogers,Bo Huang,David A. Agard +7 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the pericentriolar material is organized into two main structural domains: a layer juxtaposed to the centriole wall, and proteins extending farther away from the Centrosome organized in a matrix, using SIM and STORM subdiffraction-resolution microscopies.
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Targeting Mitosis in Cancer: Emerging Strategies
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Phase transitions and size scaling of membrane-less organelles.
TL;DR: The phase transitions that appear to govern the assembly of membrane-less cytoplasmic and nucleoplasmic structures exhibit an intrinsic dependence on cell size, and may explain the size scaling reported for a number of structures.
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Once and only once: mechanisms of centriole duplication and their deregulation in disease
Erich A. Nigg,Andrew J. Holland +1 more
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References
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Protein phosphatase 2A-SUR-6/B55 regulates centriole duplication in C. elegans by controlling the levels of centriole assembly factors.
TL;DR: It is found that the PP2A catalytic subunit LET-92, the scaffolding subunit PAA-1, and the B55 regulatory subunit SUR-6 function together to positively regulate centriole assembly and promote centrioles assembly by protecting ZYG-1 and SAS-5 from degradation.
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TL;DR: This review focuses on the formation of basal bodies in mammalian cells with an emphasis on basal bodies sprouting a primary cilium.
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Phosphorylation of SAS-6 by ZYG-1 Is Critical for Centriole Formation in C. elegans Embryos
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the kinase ZYG-1 phosphorylates the coiled-coil protein SAS-6 at serine 123 in vitro and established that such phosphorylation ensures the maintenance of SAS-7 at the emerging centriole and thus for faithful cell division.