The centrosome cycle: Centriole biogenesis, duplication and inherent asymmetries
Erich A. Nigg,Tim Stearns +1 more
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TLDR
The spatial aspects of the centrosome duplication cycle, the mechanism of centriole assembly and the possible consequences of the inherent asymmetry of Centrosomes and centrosomes are discussed.Abstract:
Centrosomes are microtubule-organizing centres of animal cells. They influence the morphology of the microtubule cytoskeleton, function as the base for the primary cilium and serve as a nexus for important signalling pathways. At the core of a typical centrosome are two cylindrical microtubule-based structures termed centrioles, which recruit a matrix of associated pericentriolar material. Cells begin the cell cycle with exactly one centrosome, and the duplication of centrioles is constrained such that it occurs only once per cell cycle and at a specific site in the cell. As a result of this duplication mechanism, the two centrioles differ in age and maturity, and thus have different functions; for example, the older of the two centrioles can initiate the formation of a ciliary axoneme. We discuss spatial aspects of the centrosome duplication cycle, the mechanism of centriole assembly and the possible consequences of the inherent asymmetry of centrioles and centrosomes.read more
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Trisomy 21 increases microtubules and disrupts centriolar satellite localization
Bailey L. McCurdy,Cayla E. Jewett,Alexander J. Stemm-Wolf,Huy Nguyen Duc,Molishree Joshi,Joaquín M. Espinosa,Rytis Prekeris,Chad G. Pearson +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the mechanisms by which chromosome 21-resident gene Pericentrin (PCNT) imbalances disrupt cilia and found that increased PCNT leads to defects in the microtubule network deleterious to normal centriolar satellite distribution.
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The Ism between Endothelial Cilia and Endothelial Nanotubules Is an Evolving Concept in the Genesis of the BBB
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Hunkeler, Moritz; Stuttfeld, Edward; Hagmann, Anna; Imseng, Stefan; Maier, Timm (2016). The dynamic organization of fungal acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Nature communications, 7, 11196. Esposito, Maria S; Arber, Silvia (2016). Motor Control: Illuminating an Enigmatic Midbrain Locomotor Center. Current biology : CB, 26(7), R291-3.
Matthias E,Jan O,Michael N +2 more
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Coding variants in the PCNT and CEP295 genes contribute to breast cancer risk in Chinese women.
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors investigated the associations between coding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the centriole duplication cycle genes and the risk of breast cancer in Chinese women.
References
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TL;DR: The connections between cilia and developmental signalling have begun to clarify the basis of human diseases associated with ciliary dysfunction, and the cilium represents a nexus for signalling pathways during development.
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Jens S. Andersen,Christopher J. Wilkinson,Thibault Mayor,Thibault Mayor,Peter Mortensen,Erich A. Nigg,Matthias Mann +6 more
TL;DR: A mass-spectrometry-based proteomic analysis of human centrosomes in the interphase of the cell cycle by quantitatively profiling hundreds of proteins across several centrifugation fractions identified and validated 23 novel components and identified 41 likely candidates as well as the vast majority of the known centrosomal proteins in a large background of nonspecific proteins.
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Georg Halder,Randy L. Johnson +1 more
TL;DR: Recently discovered mechanisms that contribute to the dynamic regulation of Hippo signaling during Drosophila and vertebrate development are reviewed and exciting new insights are provided into the elusive mechanisms that regulate organ growth and regeneration.
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Cleavage of Cohesin by the CD Clan Protease Separin Triggers Anaphase in Yeast
TL;DR: It is shown here that separin is a cysteine protease related to caspases that alone can cleave Sccl in vitro and depends on a conserved protein called separin for sister chromatid separation.