The role of the bacterial microbiome in lung disease.
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors review and synthesize published reports of the lung microbiota of healthy and diseased subjects, discuss trends of microbial diversity and constitution across disease states, and look to the extrapulmonary microbiome for hypotheses and future directions for study.Abstract:
Novel culture-independent techniques have recently demonstrated that the lower respiratory tract, historically considered sterile in health, contains diverse communities of microbes: the lung microbiome. Increasing evidence supports the concept that a distinct microbiota of the lower respiratory tract is present both in health and in various respiratory diseases, although the biological and clinical significance of these findings remains undetermined. In this article, the authors review and synthesize published reports of the lung microbiota of healthy and diseased subjects, discuss trends of microbial diversity and constitution across disease states, and look to the extrapulmonary microbiome for hypotheses and future directions for study.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Analysis of the Upper Respiratory Tract Microbiotas as the Source of the Lung and Gastric Microbiotas in Healthy Individuals
Christine M. Bassis,John R. Erb-Downward,Robert P. Dickson,Christine M. Freeman,Thomas M. Schmidt,Vincent B. Young,James M. Beck,James M. Beck,Jeffrey L. Curtis,Gary B. Huffnagle +9 more
TL;DR: Molecular immigration from the oral cavity appears to be the significant source of the lung microbiome during health, but unlike the stomach, the lungs exhibit evidence of selective elimination of Prevotella bacteria derived from the upper airways.
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The Microbiome and the Respiratory Tract
TL;DR: The topography and population dynamics of the respiratory tract is described, both in health and as altered by acute and chronic lung disease.
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Respiratory epithelial cells orchestrate pulmonary innate immunity
TL;DR: The biophysical nature of pulmonary host defenses are integrated with the ability of respiratory epithelial cells to respond to and 'instruct' the professional immune system to protect the lungs from infection and injury.
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The emerging world of the fungal microbiome.
TL;DR: The study of the fungal microbiota is a new and rapidly emerging field that lags behind the authors' understanding of the bacterial microbiome, especially as a reservoir for blooms of pathogenic microbes when the host is compromised and as a potential cofactor in inflammatory diseases and metabolic disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spatial Variation in the Healthy Human Lung Microbiome and the Adapted Island Model of Lung Biogeography
Robert P. Dickson,John R. Erb-Downward,Christine M. Freeman,Lisa McCloskey,James M. Beck,James M. Beck,Gary B. Huffnagle,Jeffrey L. Curtis +7 more
TL;DR: The lung microbiome in health is more influenced by microbial immigration and elimination (the adapted island model) than by the effects of local growth conditions on bacterial reproduction rates, which are more determinant in advanced lung diseases.
References
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Pulmonary Bacterial Communities in Surgically Resected Noncystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis Lungs Are Similar to Those in Cystic Fibrosis
Heather Maughan,Kristopher S. Cunningham,Pauline W. Wang,Yu Zhang,Marcelo Cypel,Cecilia Chaparro,D. Elizabeth Tullis,Thomas K. Waddell,Shaf Keshavjee,Mingyao Liu,David S. Guttman,David M. Hwang +11 more
TL;DR: The data indicate significant diversity in the pulmonary bacterial community of both CF and non-CF bronchiectasis patients and suggest that this community is similar in surgically resected lungs of CF andnon- CF bronchiECTasis patients.
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Combination of 16S rRNA variable regions provides a detailed analysis of bacterial community dynamics in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients
TL;DR: H profiles showed that the CF lung community is dynamic and that changes in the community may in part be driven by the patient's antibiotic treatment, and LH-PCR is a tool that is well suited for studying bacterial communities and their dynamics.
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