The role of the bacterial microbiome in lung disease.
TLDR
In this paper, the authors review and synthesize published reports of the lung microbiota of healthy and diseased subjects, discuss trends of microbial diversity and constitution across disease states, and look to the extrapulmonary microbiome for hypotheses and future directions for study.Abstract:
Novel culture-independent techniques have recently demonstrated that the lower respiratory tract, historically considered sterile in health, contains diverse communities of microbes: the lung microbiome. Increasing evidence supports the concept that a distinct microbiota of the lower respiratory tract is present both in health and in various respiratory diseases, although the biological and clinical significance of these findings remains undetermined. In this article, the authors review and synthesize published reports of the lung microbiota of healthy and diseased subjects, discuss trends of microbial diversity and constitution across disease states, and look to the extrapulmonary microbiome for hypotheses and future directions for study.read more
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Host genetic variation in mucosal immunity pathways influences the upper airway microbiome.
Catherine Igartua,Emily R. Davenport,Emily R. Davenport,Yoav Gilad,Dan L. Nicolae,Jayant M. Pinto,Carole Ober +6 more
TL;DR: These findings provide evidence of host genetic influences on upper airway microbial composition in humans and implicate mucosal immunity genes in this relationship.
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Nasopharyngeal Microbiome Diversity Changes over Time in Children with Asthma.
Marcos Pérez-Losada,Marcos Pérez-Losada,Marcos Pérez-Losada,Lamia Alamri,Keith A. Crandall,Robert J. Freishtat +5 more
TL;DR: No significant differences in alpha- and beta-diversity were observed between seasons, but bacterial mean relative proportions of Haemophilus, Moraxella, Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium varied significantly between summer-fall and age groups (inter-patient variation).
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Lung inflammation and disease: A perspective on microbial homeostasis and metabolism
Roberto Mendez,Sulagna Banerjee,Sanjoy K. Bhattacharya,Sanjoy K. Bhattacharya,Santanu Banerjee +4 more
TL;DR: A perspective on lung‐associated metabolic disorders defined for lung diseases and correlate it with lung microbial perturbation is provided and evidence from microbiome and classical microbiology literature is drawn to demonstrate how specific lung morbidities associate with specific metabolic characteristics of the disease.
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Changes in microbiota during experimental human Rhinovirus infection.
Jorrit J. Hofstra,Sébastien Matamoros,M. A. van de Pol,B. de Wever,Michael W.T. Tanck,H. Wendt-Knol,Martin Deijs,L. van der Hoek,Katja C. Wolthers,Richard Molenkamp,Caroline E. Visser,Peter J. Sterk,René Lutter,M. D. de Jong +13 more
TL;DR: HRV16 infection is associated with the increase of three genera known to be associated with secondary infections following HRV infections, which could help explain why HRV infection predisposes to bacterial otitis media, sinusitis and pneumonia.
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The microbiome at the pulmonary alveolar niche and its role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
TL;DR: Current understanding of the lung microbiome, alveolar immunity, and the interaction of each with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is summarized.
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TL;DR: Alternative enterotype states are associated with long-term diet, particularly protein and animal fat (Bacteroides) versus carbohydrates (Prevotella) and other enterotypes distinguished primarily by levels of Bacteroide and Prevotella.
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