The role of the bacterial microbiome in lung disease.
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors review and synthesize published reports of the lung microbiota of healthy and diseased subjects, discuss trends of microbial diversity and constitution across disease states, and look to the extrapulmonary microbiome for hypotheses and future directions for study.Abstract:
Novel culture-independent techniques have recently demonstrated that the lower respiratory tract, historically considered sterile in health, contains diverse communities of microbes: the lung microbiome. Increasing evidence supports the concept that a distinct microbiota of the lower respiratory tract is present both in health and in various respiratory diseases, although the biological and clinical significance of these findings remains undetermined. In this article, the authors review and synthesize published reports of the lung microbiota of healthy and diseased subjects, discuss trends of microbial diversity and constitution across disease states, and look to the extrapulmonary microbiome for hypotheses and future directions for study.read more
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Neutrophil extracellular traps are associated with disease severity and microbiota diversity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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Rosa Faner,Oriol Sibila,Alvar Agusti,Eric Bernasconi,James D. Chalmers,Gary B. Huffnagle,Chaysavanh Manichanh,Philip L. Molyneaux,Roger Paredes,Vicente Pérez Brocal,Julia Ponomarenko,Sanjay Sethi,Jordi Dorca,Eduard Monsó +13 more
TL;DR: It is expected that future research in bacterial gene expressions, metagenomics longitudinal analysis and host–microbiome animal models will help to move towards targeted microbiome interventions in respiratory diseases.
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Culture and molecular-based profiles show shifts in bacterial communities of the upper respiratory tract that occur with age.
Jennifer C. Stearns,Carla J. Davidson,Suzanne McKeon,Fiona J. Whelan,Michelle E. Fontes,Anthony B. Schryvers,Dawn M. E. Bowdish,James D. Kellner,Michael G. Surette +8 more
TL;DR: The resulting profiles suggest that in young children the nasopharyngeal microbiota, much like the gastrointestinal tract microbiome, changes from an immature state, where it is colonized by a few dominant taxa, to a more diverse state as it matures to resemble the adult microbiota.
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Changes in the lung microbiome following lung transplantation include the emergence of two distinct Pseudomonas species with distinct clinical associations.
Robert P. Dickson,John R. Erb-Downward,Christine M. Freeman,Christine M. Freeman,N.M. Walker,Brittan S. Scales,James M. Beck,Fernando J. Martinez,Jeffrey L. Curtis,Vibha N. Lama,Gary B. Huffnagle +10 more
TL;DR: Two prominent and distinct Pseudomonas species exist within the post-transplant lung microbiome, each with unique genomic and microbiologic features and widely divergent clinical associations, including presence during acute infection.
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Gut-lung axis: The microbial contributions and clinical implications.
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TL;DR: Alternative enterotype states are associated with long-term diet, particularly protein and animal fat (Bacteroides) versus carbohydrates (Prevotella) and other enterotypes distinguished primarily by levels of Bacteroide and Prevotella.
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