Journal ArticleDOI
The Social Self: On Being the Same and Different at the Same Time
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In this article, a model of optimal distinctiveness is proposed in which social identity is viewed as a reconciliation of opposing needs for assimilation and differentiation from others, and individuals avoid self-construals that are either too personalized or too inclusive and instead define themselves in terms of distinctive category memberships.Abstract:
Mfost of social psychology's theories of the self fail to take into account the significance of social identification in the definition of self. Social identities are self-definitions that are more inclusive than the individuated self-concept of most American psychology. A model of optimal distinctiveness is proposed in which social identity is viewed as a reconciliation of opposing needs for assimilation and differentiation from others. According to this model, individuals avoid self-construals that are either too personalized or too inclusive and instead define themselves in terms of distinctive category memberships. Social identity and group loyalty are hypothesized to be strongest for those self-categorizations that simultaneously provide for a sense of belonging and a sense of distinctiveness. Results from an initial laboratory experiment support the prediction that depersonalization and group size interact as determinants of the strength of social identification.read more
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“I know things they don’t know!”: The role of need for uniqueness in belief in conspiracy theories.
TL;DR: This article found that the tendency to believe in conspiracy theories was associated with the feeling of possessing scarce information about the situations explained by the conspiracy theories and higher need for uniqueness, highlighting a motivational underpinning of conspiracy belief.
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The Mini-IPIP6: Validation and extension of a short measure of the Big-Six factors of personality in New Zealand.
Chris G. Sibley,Nils Luyten,Missy Purnomo,Annelise Mobberley,Liz W. Wootton,Matthew D. Hammond,Nikhil K. Sengupta,Ryan Perry,Tim West-Newman,Marc S. Wilson,Lianne McLellan,William James Hoverd,Andrew Robertson +12 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors extended the Mini-IPIPIP, a short measure of the Big-Five personality dimensions, to a Big-six model of personality structure based on the HEXACO.
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Evaluating Models of Identity Motivation: Self-Esteem is Not the Whole Story
TL;DR: The importance of motivational principles of maintaining self-esteem, distinctiveness, continuity, and efficacy, as well as feelings of purpose and closeness to others, in shaping the perceived centrality of multiple elements of identity among Anglican parish priests was explored in this paper.
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Effects of Structural Position on Allocation and Evaluation Decisions for Scientists and Engineers in Industrial R&D
Abstract: This paper examines the influence of the structural positions of different demographic groups in the science and engineering labor force on their access to the allocation of favorable work experiences and their effect on decisions about the evaluation of their performance. Our hypotheses challenge assumptions in the management literature that each group will necessarily express ingroup bias and outgroup derogation. Instead, we call attention to the status hierarchy that develops from status construction processes, the prototypicality that emerges from social categorization processes, and a framework of stereotype content that is based on an analysis of structural positions among groups in the society. Using hierarchical linear modeling with survey data from scientists and engineers in research and development in 24 major corporations, we find that U.S.-born white males, who constitute the normative ingroup, receive advantages in both allocation and evaluation decisions from all evaluators, not just from o...
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Are we all on the same temporal page? The moderating effects of temporal team cognition on the polychronicity diversity–team performance relationship.
Susan Mohammed,Sucheta Nadkarni +1 more
TL;DR: Results from 71 teams in an Indian organization revealed opposing moderating effects in that shared temporal cognition attenuated, but temporal transactive memory systems amplified, the negative effects of polychronicity diversity on team performance.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation.
TL;DR: Theories of the self from both psychology and anthropology are integrated to define in detail the difference between a construal of self as independent and a construpal of the Self as interdependent as discussed by the authors, and these divergent construals should have specific consequences for cognition, emotion, and motivation.
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Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory.
TL;DR: In this paper, a self-categorization theory is proposed to discover the social group and the importance of social categories in the analysis of social influence, and the Salience of social Categories is discussed.
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Social stigma and self-esteem: The self-protective properties of stigma.
Jennifer Crocker,Brenda Major +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, it is proposed that members of stigmatized groups may attribute negative feedback to prejudice against their group, compare their outcomes with those of the ingroup, rather than with the relatively advantaged outgroup, and selectively devalue those dimensions on which their group fares poorly and value those dimensions that their group excels.