Journal ArticleDOI
The Social Self: On Being the Same and Different at the Same Time
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TLDR
In this article, a model of optimal distinctiveness is proposed in which social identity is viewed as a reconciliation of opposing needs for assimilation and differentiation from others, and individuals avoid self-construals that are either too personalized or too inclusive and instead define themselves in terms of distinctive category memberships.Abstract:
Mfost of social psychology's theories of the self fail to take into account the significance of social identification in the definition of self. Social identities are self-definitions that are more inclusive than the individuated self-concept of most American psychology. A model of optimal distinctiveness is proposed in which social identity is viewed as a reconciliation of opposing needs for assimilation and differentiation from others. According to this model, individuals avoid self-construals that are either too personalized or too inclusive and instead define themselves in terms of distinctive category memberships. Social identity and group loyalty are hypothesized to be strongest for those self-categorizations that simultaneously provide for a sense of belonging and a sense of distinctiveness. Results from an initial laboratory experiment support the prediction that depersonalization and group size interact as determinants of the strength of social identification.read more
Citations
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Uncertainty Reduction, Self-Enhancement, and Ingroup Identification
Scott A. Reid,Michael A. Hogg +1 more
TL;DR: Two experiments tested the prediction that uncertainty reduction and self-enhancement motivations have an interactive effect on ingroup identification and found low prototypicality depressed identification with a low-status group under high uncertainty.
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Respect for Group Members: Intragroup Determinants of Collective Identification and Group-Serving Behavior
Bernd Simon,Stefan Stürmer +1 more
TL;DR: It was predicted and found that respectful as opposed to disrespectful intragroup treatment increased collective identification and willingness to engage in group-serving behavior in the immediate group situation, irrespective of whether intragroups evaluation was positive or negative.
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Attitude roots and Jiu Jitsu persuasion: Understanding and overcoming the motivated rejection of science.
TL;DR: A “jiu jitsu” model of persuasion is developed that places emphasis on creating change by aligning with (rather than competing with) these attitude roots, the underlying fears, ideologies, worldviews, and identity needs that sustain and motivate specific “surface” attitudes like climate skepticism and creationism.
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Categories, Identities, and Cultural Classification: Moving Beyond a Model of Categorical Constraint
Marie Ann Glynn,Chad Navis +1 more
TL;DR: The authors advocate for more tolerance in the manner we collectively address categories and categorization in organizational research and suggest that audiences may tolerate more often than previously thought organizations that blend, span, and stretch categories.
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The Effects of Categorically Based Expectations on Minority Influence: The Importance of Congruence:
TL;DR: The results of two studies show that regardless of the task-relevance of salient differences, individuals respond most favorably when categorical and opinion differences are congruent.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation.
TL;DR: Theories of the self from both psychology and anthropology are integrated to define in detail the difference between a construal of self as independent and a construpal of the Self as interdependent as discussed by the authors, and these divergent construals should have specific consequences for cognition, emotion, and motivation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory.
TL;DR: In this paper, a self-categorization theory is proposed to discover the social group and the importance of social categories in the analysis of social influence, and the Salience of social Categories is discussed.
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Social stigma and self-esteem: The self-protective properties of stigma.
Jennifer Crocker,Brenda Major +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, it is proposed that members of stigmatized groups may attribute negative feedback to prejudice against their group, compare their outcomes with those of the ingroup, rather than with the relatively advantaged outgroup, and selectively devalue those dimensions on which their group fares poorly and value those dimensions that their group excels.