Journal ArticleDOI
The Social Self: On Being the Same and Different at the Same Time
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In this article, a model of optimal distinctiveness is proposed in which social identity is viewed as a reconciliation of opposing needs for assimilation and differentiation from others, and individuals avoid self-construals that are either too personalized or too inclusive and instead define themselves in terms of distinctive category memberships.Abstract:
Mfost of social psychology's theories of the self fail to take into account the significance of social identification in the definition of self. Social identities are self-definitions that are more inclusive than the individuated self-concept of most American psychology. A model of optimal distinctiveness is proposed in which social identity is viewed as a reconciliation of opposing needs for assimilation and differentiation from others. According to this model, individuals avoid self-construals that are either too personalized or too inclusive and instead define themselves in terms of distinctive category memberships. Social identity and group loyalty are hypothesized to be strongest for those self-categorizations that simultaneously provide for a sense of belonging and a sense of distinctiveness. Results from an initial laboratory experiment support the prediction that depersonalization and group size interact as determinants of the strength of social identification.read more
Citations
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Are groups more or less than the sum of their members? The moderating role of individual identification.
TL;DR: A heuristic framework that divides formation of work or task groups into two steps is proposed, one of which emphasizes shared common identity and promotes emotional bonds, and the other takes increasingly differentiated roles that improve performance through specialization, moral responsibility, and efficiency.
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The role of in-group identification, religious group membership and intergroup conflict in moderating in-group and out-group affect
TL;DR: The role of in-group identity and religious group membership in moderating the relationship between in-groups and out-group affect was explored, with a general in- group bias - feeling thermometer ratings for the in- Group exceeded those for the out-Group.
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Positively Deviant: Identity Work Through B Corporation Certification
TL;DR: This article found that women-owned businesses are twice as likely to qualify for certification and more than three times more likely to certify than men-owned ones, and that this propensity to certify is amplified in contexts where sustainability norms are weak, mimetic pressure to obtain sustainability certification is low, and woman owned businesses are less prevalent.
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Diversity, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior: An organizing framework
TL;DR: In this article, the authors put forward an analytical framework that can help to explain why certain categories of employees, namely perceived low status minorities (PLSMs), might not always produce desirable outcomes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation.
TL;DR: Theories of the self from both psychology and anthropology are integrated to define in detail the difference between a construal of self as independent and a construpal of the Self as interdependent as discussed by the authors, and these divergent construals should have specific consequences for cognition, emotion, and motivation.
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Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory.
TL;DR: In this paper, a self-categorization theory is proposed to discover the social group and the importance of social categories in the analysis of social influence, and the Salience of social Categories is discussed.
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Social stigma and self-esteem: The self-protective properties of stigma.
Jennifer Crocker,Brenda Major +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, it is proposed that members of stigmatized groups may attribute negative feedback to prejudice against their group, compare their outcomes with those of the ingroup, rather than with the relatively advantaged outgroup, and selectively devalue those dimensions on which their group fares poorly and value those dimensions that their group excels.