There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Ultrathin two-dimensional nanosheets of layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are fundamentally and technologically intriguing. In contrast to the graphene sheet, they are chemically versatile. Mono- or few-layered TMDs - obtained either through exfoliation of bulk materials or bottom-up syntheses - are direct-gap semiconductors whose bandgap energy, as well as carrier type (n- or p-type), varies between compounds depending on their composition, structure and dimensionality. In this Review, we describe how the tunable electronic structure of TMDs makes them attractive for a variety of applications. They have been investigated as chemically active electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution and hydrosulfurization, as well as electrically active materials in opto-electronics. Their morphologies and properties are also useful for energy storage applications such as electrodes for Li-ion batteries and supercapacitors.

http://nanotubes.rutgers.edu/PDFs/nchem_TMDs_2013.pdf

The chemistry of two-dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets

Exploring efficient, stable and low-cost photocatalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen production remains a challenge in the field of energy conversion. Here, two-dimensional Ti3C2 nanosheets were fabricated via etching Ti3AlC2 with HF, followed by ultrasonic exfoliation. Then CdLa2S4/Ti3C2 nanocomposites were fabricated by growing CdLa2S4 nanoparticles in situ on the surface of these Ti3C2 nanosheets. The resultant CdLa2S4/Ti3C2 nanocomposites exhibited an excellent photocatalytic activity for H2 production from water splitting under visible light illumination. When the content of Ti3C2 was 1.0 wt%, the CdLa2S4/Ti3C2 nanocomposites presented maximum hydrogen production rate of 11182.4 μmol·g−1·h−1, which was 13.4 times as high as that of pristine CdLa2S4 and even outperformed Pt-loaded CdLa2S4. The apparent quantum efficiency reached 15.6% at 420 nm. In addition, the CdLa2S4/Ti3C2 photocatalyst still maintained high photocatalytic activity after six cycles. The exceptional performance of CdLa2S4/Ti3C2 originated from the superior electrical conductivity of Ti3C2 MXene, which facilitated the separation of photo-generated electron-hole pairs. This work presents the potential of earth-abundant MXene materials in the construction of high efficiency and low-cost photocatalysts toward solar energy conversion.

Boosting the photocatalytic activity of CdLa2S4 for hydrogen production using Ti3C2 MXene as a co-catalyst

A Versatile Approach for Direct Patterning of Liquid Metal Using Magnetic Field

A long-term field investigation was carried out in naturally ventilated residential buildings in Shanghai from April 2003 to November 2004. A total of 1,768 returned questionnaires were collected in the study. This study deals with the thermal sensation of occupants in naturally ventilated buildings and the change in thermal neutral temperature with season. The range of accepted temperature in naturally ventilated buildings is between 14.7 degrees C T(op) and 29.8 degrees C T(op). The results also report the findings of the adaptive comfort model in Shanghai that determines the adaptive relationship of neutral temperature with outdoor air temperature. A long-term field study was carried out in residential buildings in Shanghai to find the relationship between thermal sensation, indoor neutral temperature and outdoor temperature. This paper presents findings of thermal comfort and discusses the more sustainable standard for the indoor climate of residential buildings in Shanghai.

Field study of a thermal environment and adaptive model in Shanghai.

Sensors are of increasing interest since they can be applied to daily life in different areas from various industrial sectors. As a natural nanomaterial, nanocellulose plays a vital role in the development of novel sensors, particularly in the context of constructing multidimensional architectures. This review summarizes the utilization of nanocellulose including cellulose nanofibers, cellulose nanocrystals, and bacterial cellulose for sensor design, mainly focusing on the influence of nanocellulose on the sensing performance of these sensors. Special attention is paid to nanocellulose in different forms (1D, 2D, and 3D) to highlight the impact of nanocellulose constructed structures. The aim is to provide a critical review on the most recent progress (especially after 2017) related to nanocellulose-containing sensors, since there are significantly increasing research activities in this area. Moreover, the outlook for the development of nanocellulose-containing sensors is also provided at the end of this work.

Ultrasensitive Physical, Bio, and Chemical Sensors Derived from 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐D Nanocellulosic Materials

TiO2 nanobelts are very attractive due to their dimensional confinement and structurally well-defined physical and chemical properties. However, the obscure phase transformation mechanism and the low photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanobelts limit their wide applications. Here, the phase transformations among H2Ti3O7, TiO2(B), anatase and rutile nanobelts were characterized in detail by X-ray powder diffraction, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra. TiO2(B) is inevitable in the phase transformation of TiO2 nanobelts due to the shape limiting effort and the similar crystal structure between H2Ti3O7 and TiO2(B). TiO2 nanobelts have a good thermal stability for the crystal phase and nanostructures. TiO2(B)/anatase interface heterostructure nanobelts were obtained by calcining H2Ti3O7 nanobelts at 800 °C, which had an enhanced photocatalytic ability comparing with pure TiO2(B) and anatase nanobelts. The mechanisms of the phase transformation of TiO2 nanobelts and the enhanced photocatalytic activity of TiO2(B)/anatase interface heterostructure nanobelts were discussed. The self-transformed heterostructure nanobelts have good photocatalytic activity, stability and easy-recovery properties, which will have important practical applications.

Hong Liu

Papers

Boosting the photocatalytic activity of CdLa2S4 for hydrogen production using Ti3C2 MXene as a co-catalyst

A Versatile Approach for Direct Patterning of Liquid Metal Using Magnetic Field

Field study of a thermal environment and adaptive model in Shanghai.

Ultrasensitive Physical, Bio, and Chemical Sensors Derived from 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐D Nanocellulosic Materials

Phase transformation of TiO2 nanobelts and TiO2(B)/anatase interface heterostructure nanobelts with enhanced photocatalytic activity