Nanocrystals (NCs) discussed in this Review are tiny crystals of metals, semiconductors, and magnetic material consisting of hundreds to a few thousand atoms each. Their size ranges from 2-3 to about 20 nm. What is special about this size regime that placed NCs among the hottest research topics of the last decades? The quantum mechanical coupling * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dvtalapin@uchicago.edu. † The University of Chicago. ‡ Argonne National Lab. Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 389–458 389

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Prospects of Colloidal Nanocrystals for Electronic and Optoelectronic Applications

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Principles Of Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Metal oxide-based resistive-type gas sensors are solid-state devices which are widely used in a number of applications from health and safety to energy efficiency and emission control. Nanomaterials such as nanowires, nanorods, and nanoparticles have dominated the research focus in this field due to their large number of surface sites facilitating surface reactions. Previous studies have shown that incorporating two or more metal oxides to form a heterojunction interface can have drastic effects on gas sensor performance, especially the selectivity. Recently, these effects have been amplified by designing heterojunctions on the nano-scale. These designs have evolved from mixed commercial powders and bi-layer films to finely-tuned core–shell and hierarchical brush-like nanocomposites. This review details the various morphological classes currently available for nanostructured metal-oxide based heterojunctions and then presents the dominant electronic and chemical mechanisms that influence the performance of these materials as resistive-type gas sensors. Mechanisms explored include p–n and n–n potential barrier manipulation, n–p–n response type inversions, spill-over effects, synergistic catalytic behavior, and microstructure enhancement. Tables are presented summarizing these works specifically for SnO2, ZnO, TiO2, In2O3, Fe2O3, MoO3, Co3O4, and CdO-based nanocomposites. Recent developments are highlighted and likely future trends are explored.

Nanoscale metal oxide-based heterojunctions for gas sensing: A review

It is clear that the above can lead to confusion when scientists of different countries are trying to communicate with each other. Another example is the burrowing rodent called a gopher found throughout the western United States. In the southeastern United States the term gopher refers to a burrowing turtle very similar to the desert tortoise found in the American southwest. One final example; two North American mammals known as the elk and the caribou are known in Europe as the reindeer and the elk. We never sing “Rudolph the Red-nosed elk”! Confused? This was the reason for creating an internationally recognized system of naming organisms. To avoid confusion, living organisms are assigned a scientific name based on Latin or Latinized words. The English sparrow is Passer domesticus or Passer domesticus (italics or underlining these two names is the official written representation of a scientific name). Using a uniform naming system allows scientists from all over the world to recognize exactly which life form a scientist is referring to. The naming process is called the binomial system of nomenclature. Passer is comparable to a surname and is called the genus, while domesticus is the specific or species name (like your given name) of the English sparrow. Now scientists can give all sparrow-like birds the genus Passer but the species name will vary. All similar genera (plural for genus) can be grouped into another, “higher” category (see below). Study the following for a more through understanding of taxonomy. Taxonomy Analogy Kingdom: Animalia Country

Diversity of life

Graphene-based materials are gaining heightened attention as novel materials for environmental applications The unique physicochemical properties of graphene, notably its exceptionally high surface area, electron mobility, thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength, can lead to novel or improved technologies to address the pressing global environmental challenges This critical review assesses the recent developments in the use of graphene-based materials as sorbent or photocatalytic materials for environmental decontamination, as building blocks for next generation water treatment and desalination membranes, and as electrode materials for contaminant monitoring or removal The most promising areas of research are highlighted, with a discussion of the main challenges that we need to overcome in order to fully realize the exceptional properties of graphene in environmental applications

Environmental applications of graphene-based nanomaterials.

Attachment of microbial bodies including coronavirus on the surface of personal protective equipment (PPE) is found to be potential threat of spreading infection. Here, we report the development of a novel tribo-electroceutical fabric (TECF) consisting of commonly available materials namely Nylon, and Silicone Rubber (SR) for the fabrication of protective gloves on Nitrile platform, as a model wearable PPE. A small triboelectric device (2 cm x 2 cm) consisting of SR and Nylon on Nitrile can generate more than 20 volt transient or 41 {micro}W output power, which is capable of charging a capacitor up to 65 V in only [~]50 sec. The novelty of the present work relies on the TECF led anti-microbial activity through the generation of an electric current in saline water. The fabrication of TECF based functional prototype gloves can generate hypochlorite ions through the formation of electrolysed water upon rubbing them with saline water. Further a computational modelling has been employed to reveal the optimum structure and mechanistic pathway of anti-microbial hypochlorite generation. Detailed anti-microbial assays have been performed to establish effectiveness of such TECF based gloves to reduce the risk from life threatening pathogen spreading. The present work provides the rationale to consider the studied TECF, or other material with comparable properties, as material of choice for the development of self-sanitizing PPE in the fight against microbial infections including COVID-19.

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Development of Tribo-Electroceutical Fabrics for Potential Application in Self-sanitizing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Amplified Spontaneous Emission from Graphene Oxide Embedded Nanocrystalline One Dimensional Microcavity

Pseudomorphic Si1-xGex epitaxial layers have been grown on Si(100) at a low temperature using molecular beam epitaxy. Compressively strained grown layers have been characterized by high-resolution XRD, RBS and Raman spectroscopy. A 5-period SiGe/Si multiple quantum well structure has also been grown for infrared photodetector applications. The simulated and measured temperature dependent dark current behaviour of the multi- quantum well structure is presented.

Growth of strained SiGe layers and SiGe/Si multiple quantum well structures using molecular beam epitaxy

Ambient stability is a serious unresolved issue with recently trending all-inorganic perovskite materials, especially CsPbI3 which has a high tendency to get converted from the black phase to the yellow delta or nonperovskite phase. So here we have demonstrated successful doping-induced phase transformation from the metastable mixed phase to the stable cubic phase CsPbI3 by optimizing its tolerance factor. Smaller size of dopant Cu atom in pristine CsPbI3 leads to a significant enhancement of the structural and optical stability of CsPbI3 which can thus be used for fabricating solar cells and other optoelectronic devices.

Doping-induced phase transformation in all-inorganic perovskite CsPbI3 with enhanced structural and optical stability

A GIS-based Spatial Prediction of Landslide Hazard Zones and Mapping in an Eastern Himalayan Hilly Region Using Large Scale Soil Mapping and Analytical Hierarchy Process

Samit K. Ray

Papers

Development of Tribo-Electroceutical Fabrics for Potential Application in Self-sanitizing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Amplified Spontaneous Emission from Graphene Oxide Embedded Nanocrystalline One Dimensional Microcavity

Growth of strained SiGe layers and SiGe/Si multiple quantum well structures using molecular beam epitaxy

Doping-induced phase transformation in all-inorganic perovskite CsPbI3 with enhanced structural and optical stability

A GIS-based Spatial Prediction of Landslide Hazard Zones and Mapping in an Eastern Himalayan Hilly Region Using Large Scale Soil Mapping and Analytical Hierarchy Process