Georgia State University

About: Georgia State University is a education organization based out in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 13988 authors who have published 35895 publications receiving 1164332 citations. The organization is also known as: GSU & Georgia State.

Criterion for Negative Refraction with Low Optical Losses from a Fundamental Principle of Causality

Abstract: From the fundamental requirement of causality, we derive a rigorous criterion of negative refraction (left handedness). This criterion imposes the lower limits on the electric and magnetic losses in the region of the negative refraction. If these losses are eliminated or significantly reduced by any means, including the compensation by active (gain) media, then the negative refraction will disappear. This theory can be particularly useful in designing new left-handed materials: testing the expected polarizabilities of a medium against this criterion would check the compliance with the causality and verify the design feasibility.

Virtual reality exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder: a randomized controlled trial.

Abstract: Objective This is the first randomized trial comparing virtual reality exposure therapy to in vivo exposure for social anxiety disorder. Method Participants with a principal diagnosis of social anxiety disorder who identified public speaking as their primary fear (N = 97) were recruited from the community, resulting in an ethnically diverse sample (M age = 39 years) of mostly women (62%). Participants were randomly assigned to and completed 8 sessions of manualized virtual reality exposure therapy, exposure group therapy, or wait list. Standardized self-report measures were collected at pretreatment, posttreatment, and 12-month follow-up, and process measures were collected during treatment. A standardized speech task was delivered at pre- and posttreatment, and diagnostic status was reassessed at 3-month follow-up. Results Analysis of covariance showed that, relative to wait list, people completing either active treatment significantly improved on all but one measure (length of speech for exposure group therapy and self-reported fear of negative evaluation for virtual reality exposure therapy). At 12-month follow-up, people showed significant improvement from pretreatment on all measures. There were no differences between the active treatments on any process or outcome measure at any time, nor differences on achieving partial or full remission. Conclusion Virtual reality exposure therapy is effective for treating social fears, and improvement is maintained for 1 year. Virtual reality exposure therapy is equally effective as exposure group therapy; further research with a larger sample is needed, however, to better control and statistically test differences between the treatments.

Mentoring Programs: A Framework to Inform Program Development, Research, and Evaluation.

Abstract: As mentoring programs have proliferated, considerable variation in approaches to programmatic mentoring has emerged. Concomitant confusion exists about the context, structure, and goals that constitute mentoring as a distinct intervention. This article presents a brief summary of what is currently known about different approaches to mentoring and proposes a framework that identifies both the common and the specific elements among different youth mentoring approaches. Rather than focusing solely on the participants and contexts of mentoring programs, such as peer- or school-based mentoring, as the key elements that differentiate programs, the authors suggest that more fruitful program development and research will result from a closer examination of the context, structure, and goals of programs, as well as of three critical program elements: content, infrastructure, and dosage. To understand better how and under what conditions mentoring works, program developers and researchers should test hypotheses regarding the influences of these program elements based on theory-driven expectations about the interrelationships among proximal, enabling, and distal outcomes of mentoring programs. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

A longitudinal assessment of the determinant relationship between employee commitments to the occupation and the organization.

Abstract: A review of the research literature suggested that occupational commitment may be an antecedent to employees' commitment to the organization. Although several studies have assessed the general relationship between occupational and organizational commitment, none have attempted to establish the causal priority between the two constructs. In the present study, occupational commitment was viewed as a causal antecedent to organizational commitment. Based on longitudinal data from 100 management information systems professionals, this view was supported through cross-lagged analysis. Further, we examined a longitudinal causal model of the turnover process in which occupational commitment was placed as an antecedent to organizational commitment. Structural equation analysis supported the fit of this model to the data. Implications of the findings are discussed.

Randomized comparison of augmented and nonaugmented language interventions for toddlers with developmental delays and their parents.

Abstract: Purpose This study compared the language performance of young children with developmental delays who were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 parent-coached language interventions. Differences in performan...