Georgia State University

About: Georgia State University is a education organization based out in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 13988 authors who have published 35895 publications receiving 1164332 citations. The organization is also known as: GSU & Georgia State.

Dense-medium modifications to jet-induced Hadron pair distributions in Au+Au collisions at sNN=200GeV

Abstract: Azimuthal correlations of jet-induced high-p(T) charged hadron pairs are studied at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]=200 GeV. The distribution of jet-associated partner hadrons (1.0

Common and Distinct Amygdala-Function Perturbations in Depressed vs Anxious Adolescents

Abstract: Rates of anxiety and depression markedly increase in adolescence.1,2 Comorbidity data3–10 suggest that these conditions may share brain-based diatheses.11–13 However, noncomorbid cases of anxiety and depression2,10,14 raise questions about neural differences. In adults, biased amygdala engagement occurs in major depressive disorder (MDD)15–18 and anxiety disorders.19–24 For both conditions, increased amygdala activation has been reliably seen, suggesting shared neural-circuitry dysfunction. However, strong conclusions cannot be drawn because few studies directly contrast patient groups with each other and with healthy individuals. Vital questions emerge on commonalities and distinctions between adolescent MDD and anxiety disorders. Work is important in this age group because most adult mood and anxiety disorders are preceded by adolescent disorders.5,6 Similar functional perturbations could present in adolescent and adult mood and anxiety disorders; alternatively, unique perturbations could present in adolescence that ultimately evolve into adult profiles. Studies of adolescents begin to consider these possibilities by charting early-emerging correlates of mood and anxiety disorders. Because anxiety disorders differ from MDD in several ways,1,2,10,25,26 specific neural correlates may be expected. Nevertheless, few neuroimaging studies compare adequately sized samples of patients with MDD and anxiety disorder at any age, and studies in adolescents appear to be especially rare. As in adults, initial findings in anxious adolescents27–30 and in individuals at risk for anxiety disorders31 show altered amygdala function relative to healthy subjects, with signs of enhanced activation to fearful faces.27,28,31 To our knowledge, only 2 studies have examined amygdala response to facial stimuli in adolescent MDD.28,29 Their results are inconsistent, with one study finding increased29 and the other decreased28 amygdala activity in MDD relative to healthy participants. Findings from 2 other studies32,33 suggest that biased amygdala function in individuals at risk for MDD occurs specifically when passively viewing emotional stimuli. Because neither study excluded subjects with anxiety disorders, the influence of anxiety on amygdala response remains unclear. The primary goal of the present study is to compare amygdala engagement while varying attentional context and face-emotion stimuli among 3 groups of adolescents: patients with MDD, patients with anxiety disorder, and healthy subjects. Comparative analyses require “pure” groups, but previous research in adolescent MDD28,29,33,34 has included anxious individuals. Thus, we studied patients with MDD who did and did not have comorbid anxiety. Existing data support competing hypotheses. On the one hand, data in adults,16–21,24 together with the strong cross-sectional, longitudinal, and familial relationships among adolescent and adult anxiety and MDD,3–10,14 raise the expectation of overlapping amygdala perturbations, consistent with a “shared diathesis” perspective.11,12 On the basis of these data, one might expect similarly biased amygdala engagement in anxious and depressed adolescents relative to healthy peers. On the other hand, preliminary data suggest that amygdala engagement in anxious and depressed adolescents might vary with changing emotional state and attention,27,31–33 consistent with evidence of disorder-specific cognitive biases.13,35,36

Measurement of neutral mesons in p+p collisions at √s=200GeV and scaling properties of hadron production

Abstract: The PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider has measured the invariant differential cross section for production of K-S(0), omega, eta', and phi mesons in p + p collisions at root s 200 GeV. Measurements of omega and phi production in different decay channels give consistent results. New results for the omega are in agreement with previously published data and extend the measured p(T) coverage. The spectral shapes of all hadron transverse momentum distributions measured by PHENIX are well described by a Tsallis distribution functional form with only two parameters, n and T, determining the high-p(T) and characterizing the low-p(T) regions of the spectra, respectively. The values of these parameters are very similar for all analyzed meson spectra, but with a lower parameter T extracted for protons. The integrated invariant cross sections calculated from the fitted distributions are found to be consistent with existing measurements and with statistical model predictions.

A stellar rotation census of b stars: from zams to tams

Abstract: Two recent observing campaigns provide us with moderate dispersion spectra of more than 230 cluster and 370 field B stars. Combining them and the spectra of the B stars from our previous investigations (~430 cluster and ~100 field B stars) yields a large, homogeneous sample for studying the rotational properties of B stars. We derive the projected rotational velocity Vsin i, effective temperature, gravity, mass, and critical rotation speed V crit for each star. We find that the average Vsin i is significantly lower among field stars because they are systematically more evolved and spun down than their cluster counterparts. The rotational distribution functions of V eq/V crit for the least evolved B stars show that lower mass B stars are born with a larger proportion of rapid rotators than higher mass B stars. However, the upper limit of V eq/V crit that may separate normal B stars from emission-line Be stars (where rotation promotes mass loss into a circumstellar disk) is smaller among the higher mass B stars. We compare the evolutionary trends of rotation (measured according to the polar gravity of the star) with recent models that treat internal mixing. The spin-down rates observed in the high-mass subset (~9 M ☉) agree with predictions, but the rates are larger for the low-mass group (~3 M ☉). The faster spin-down in the low-mass B stars matches well with the predictions based on conservation of angular momentum in individual spherical shells. Our results suggest that the fastest rotators (that probably correspond to the emission-line Be stars) are probably formed by evolutionary spin-up (for the more massive stars) and by mass transfer in binaries (for the full range of B star masses).

Progress in boronic acid-based fluorescent glucose sensors.

Abstract: Effective management of diabetes relies on the frequent monitoring of blood glucose concentrations. The current approach of blood sampling and glucose concentration determination in vitro) presents many problems. Therefore, there is a drive for the development of non-invasive and continuous monitoring of glucose concentrations. The use of implanted glucose fluorescent sensors represents a promising approach. Due to its strong interaction with diol moieties, the boronic acid group often plays a critical role in the design of such glucose sensors. This paper reviews the progress in this area during the last ten years.