Institution
University of Grenoble
Education•Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France•
About: University of Grenoble is a education organization based out in Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 25658 authors who have published 45143 publications receiving 909760 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Harvard University1, University of Grenoble2, Centre national de la recherche scientifique3, University of Geneva4, University of Colorado Boulder5, Massachusetts Institute of Technology6, Aix-Marseille University7, Spanish National Research Council8, University of Porto9, California Institute of Technology10
TL;DR: Observations of LHS 1140b, a planet with a radius of 1.4 Earth radii transiting a small, cool star (L HS 1140) 12 parsecs away, measure the mass of the planet to be 6.6 times that of Earth, consistent with a rocky bulk composition, and place an upper limit on the orbital eccentricity.
Abstract: M dwarf stars, which have masses less than 60 per cent that of the Sun, make up 75 per cent of the population of the stars in the Galaxy. The atmospheres of orbiting Earth-sized planets are observationally accessible via transmission spectroscopy when the planets pass in front of these stars. Statistical results suggest that the nearest transiting Earth-sized planet in the liquid-water, habitable zone of an M dwarf star is probably around 10.5 parsecs away. A temperate planet has been discovered orbiting Proxima Centauri, the closest M dwarf, but it probably does not transit and its true mass is unknown. Seven Earth-sized planets transit the very low-mass star TRAPPIST-1, which is 12 parsecs away, but their masses and, particularly, their densities are poorly constrained. Here we report observations of LHS 1140b, a planet with a radius of 1.4 Earth radii transiting a small, cool star (LHS 1140) 12 parsecs away. We measure the mass of the planet to be 6.6 times that of Earth, consistent with a rocky bulk composition. LHS 1140b receives an insolation of 0.46 times that of Earth, placing it within the liquid-water, habitable zone. With 90 per cent confidence, we place an upper limit on the orbital eccentricity of 0.29. The circular orbit is unlikely to be the result of tides and therefore was probably present at formation. Given its large surface gravity and cool insolation, the planet may have retained its atmosphere despite the greater luminosity (compared to the present-day) of its host star in its youth. Because LHS 1140 is nearby, telescopes currently under construction might be able to search for specific atmospheric gases in the future.
358 citations
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University of Salford1, University of Queensland2, University of Western Australia3, Queensland University of Technology4, University of Lausanne5, Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust6, Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society7, University of Évora8, University of Freiburg9, University of Melbourne10, University of Plymouth11, Mississippi State University12, Australian Institute of Marine Science13, Griffith University14, Zurich University of Applied Sciences/ZHAW15, University of British Columbia16, Duke University17, Finnish Environment Institute18, University of Adelaide19, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals20, IFREMER21, University of California, Davis22, Technical University of Madrid23, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research24, Memorial University of Newfoundland25, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds26, University of Kansas27, University of California, Merced28, University of the Sunshine Coast29, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University30, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences31, University of Grenoble32, Oregon State University33, Gulf of Maine Research Institute34, University of Toronto35, University of Georgia36, Newcastle University37, Parks Canada38, Humboldt University of Berlin39
TL;DR: Of high importance is the identification of a widely applicable set of transferability metrics, with appropriate tools to quantify the sources and impacts of prediction uncertainty under novel conditions.
Abstract: Predictive models are central to many scientific disciplines and vital for informing management in a rapidly changing world However, limited understanding of the accuracy and precision of models transferred to novel conditions (their ‘transferability’) undermines confidence in their predictions Here, 50 experts identified priority knowledge gaps which, if filled, will most improve model transfers These are summarized into six technical and six fundamental challenges, which underlie the combined need to intensify research on the determinants of ecological predictability, including species traits and data quality, and develop best practices for transferring models Of high importance is the identification of a widely applicable set of transferability metrics, with appropriate tools to quantify the sources and impacts of prediction uncertainty under novel conditions
358 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum is reported, and the results are translated into exclusion limits in models with pair-produced weakly interacting dark-matter candidates, large extra spatial dimensions, and supersymmetric particles in several compressed scenarios.
Abstract: Results of a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum are reported. The search uses proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected in 2015 and 2016 with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are required to have at least one jet with a transverse momentum above 250 GeV and no leptons (e or μ). Several signal regions are considered with increasing requirements on the missing transverse momentum above 250 GeV. Good agreement is observed between the number of events in data and Standard Model predictions. The results are translated into exclusion limits in models with pair-produced weakly interacting dark-matter candidates, large extra spatial dimensions, and supersymmetric particles in several compressed scenarios.
358 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of the motions of six million stars in the Milky Way disk reveals substructures such as snail shells and ridges, indicating that our Galaxy has been recently perturbed.
Abstract: The evolution of the Milky Way disk, which contains most of the stars in the Galaxy, is affected by several phenomena. For example, the bar and the spiral arms of the Milky Way induce radial migration of stars1 and can trap or scatter stars close to orbital resonances2. External perturbations from satellite galaxies can also have a role, causing dynamical heating of the Galaxy3, ring-like structures in the disk4 and correlations between different components of the stellar velocity5. These perturbations can also cause ‘phase wrapping’ signatures in the disk6–9, such as arched velocity structures in the motions of stars in the Galactic plane. Some manifestations of these dynamical processes have already been detected, including kinematic substructure in samples of nearby stars10–12, density asymmetries and velocities across the Galactic disk that differ from the axisymmetric and equilibrium expectations13, especially in the vertical direction11,14–16, and signatures of incomplete phase mixing in the disk7,12,17,18. Here we report an analysis of the motions of six million stars in the Milky Way disk. We show that the phase-space distribution contains different substructures with various morphologies, such as snail shells and ridges, when spatial and velocity coordinates are combined. We infer that the disk must have been perturbed between 300 million and 900 million years ago, consistent with estimates of the previous pericentric passage of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy. Our findings show that the Galactic disk is dynamically young and that modelling it as time-independent and axisymmetric is incorrect. An analysis of the motions of six million stars in the Milky Way disk reveals substructures such as snail shells and ridges, indicating that our Galaxy has been recently perturbed.
351 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) and pressure profiles of 62 nearby massive clusters detected at high significance in the 14-month nominal survey.
Abstract: Taking advantage of the all-sky coverage and broad frequency range of the Planck satellite, we study the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) and pressure profiles of 62 nearby massive clusters detected at high significance in the 14-month nominal survey. Careful reconstruction of the SZ signal indicates that most clusters are individually detected at least out to R500. By stacking the radial profiles, we have statistically detected the radial SZ signal out to 3R500, i.e., at a density contrast of about 50-100, though the dispersion about the mean profile dominates the statistical errors across the whole radial range. Our measurement is fully consistent with previous Planck results on integrated SZ fluxes, further strengthening the agreement between SZ and X-ray measurements inside R500. Correcting for the effects of the Planck beam, we have calculated the corresponding pressure profiles. This new constraint from SZ measurements is consistent with the X-ray constraints from xmm in the region in which the profiles overlap (i.e., [0.1-1] R500), and is in fairly good agreement with theoretical predictions within the expected dispersion. At larger radii the average pressure profile is shallower than the predictions. Combining the SZ and X-ray observed profiles into a joint fit to a generalised pressure profile gives best-fit parameters [P0, c500, gamma, alpha, beta] = [6.41, 1.81, 0.31, 1.33, 4.13]. Using a reasonable hypothesis for the gas temperature in the cluster outskirts we reconstruct from our stacked pressure profile the gas mass fraction profile out to 3R500. Within the temperature driven uncertainties, our Planck constraints are compatible with the cosmic baryon fraction and expected gas fraction in halos.
350 citations
Authors
Showing all 25961 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Dieter Lutz | 139 | 671 | 67414 |
Marcella Bona | 137 | 1391 | 92162 |
Nicolas Berger | 137 | 1581 | 96529 |
Cordelia Schmid | 135 | 464 | 103925 |
J. F. Macías-Pérez | 134 | 486 | 94715 |
Marina Cobal | 132 | 1078 | 85437 |
Lydia Roos | 132 | 1284 | 89435 |
Tetiana Hryn'ova | 131 | 1059 | 84260 |
Johann Collot | 131 | 1018 | 82865 |
Remi Lafaye | 131 | 1012 | 83281 |
Jan Stark | 131 | 1186 | 87025 |
Sabine Crépé-Renaudin | 129 | 1142 | 82741 |
Isabelle Wingerter-Seez | 129 | 930 | 79689 |
James Alexander | 129 | 886 | 75096 |
Jessica Levêque | 129 | 1006 | 70208 |