CMOS image sensors: electronic camera-on-a-chip
TLDR
In this article, the requirements for CMOS image sensors and their historical development, CMOS devices and circuits for pixels, analog signal chain, and on-chip analog-to-digital conversion are reviewed and discussed.Abstract:
CMOS active pixel sensors (APS) have performance competitive with charge-coupled device (CCD) technology, and offer advantages in on-chip functionality, system power reduction, cost, and miniaturization. This paper discusses the requirements for CMOS image sensors and their historical development, CMOS devices and circuits for pixels, analog signal chain, and on-chip analog-to-digital conversion are reviewed and discussed.read more
Citations
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Patent
CMOS imager with storage capacitor
TL;DR: In this paper, a CMOS imager with an improved signal to noise ratio and improved dynamic range is described, which provides improved charge storage by fabricating a storage capacitor in parallel with the photocollection area of the imager.
Patent
Multi-layered gate for a CMOS imager
TL;DR: In this article, a multi-layered gate for use in a CMOS or CCD imager formed with a second gate at least partially overlapping it is described. And the processes for forming the multilayered gate and the overlapping gate are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Progress in focal plane array technologies
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present progress in optical detector technology of focal plane arrays during the past twenty years and present the outlook for near-future trends in optical detectors technologies, including CdZnTe detectors, AlGaN photodiodes, visible CCD and CMOS imaging systems, HgCdTe heterostructure photododes, quantum well AlGaAs/GaAs photoresistors, and thermal detectors.
Patent
Device and system for in vivo imaging
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a system and method for obtaining in vivo images. The system contains an imaging system and a transmitter for transmitting signals from a camera to a receiving system located outside a patient.
Patent
CMOS imager with selectively silicided gates
TL;DR: In this article, an apparatus and method for selectively providing a silicide coating over the transistor gates of a CMOS imager to improve the speed of the transistor gate was described.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Charge coupled semiconductor devices
W. S. Boyle,G. E. Smith +1 more
TL;DR: A new semiconductor device concept that consists of storing charge in potential wells created at the surface of a semiconductor and moving the charge over the surface by moving the potential minima is described.
Journal Article
CMOS image sensors: Electronic camera-on-a-chip
TL;DR: In this article, the requirements for CMOS image sensors and their historical development, CMOS devices and circuits for pixels, analog signal chain, and on-chip analog-to-digital conversion are reviewed and discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
CMOS active pixel image sensors for highly integrated imaging systems
Sunetra K. Mendis,Sabrina E. Kemeny,R.C. Gee,Bedabrata Pain,Craig Staller,Quiesup Kim,Eric R. Fossum +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a family of CMOS-based active pixel image sensors (APSs) that are inherently compatible with the integration of on-chip signal processing circuitry is reported.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Active Pixel Sensors: Are CCD's Dinosaurs?
TL;DR: ActivePixel Sensor (APS) as mentioned in this paper is a detector array technology that has at least one active transistor within the pixel unit cell, which eliminates the need for nearly perfect charge transfer, which makes CCD's radiation'soft' and difficult to use under low light conditions, difficult to integrate with on-chip electronics, difficulty to use at low temperatures, and difficulty to manufacture in non-silicon materials that extend wavelength response.
Journal ArticleDOI
CMOS active pixel image sensor
TL;DR: In this paper, a 2.0 /spl mu/m double-poly, double-metal foundry CMOS active pixel image sensor is reported, which uses TTL compatible voltages, low noise and large dynamic range, and is useful in machine vision and smart sensor applications.