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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

CMOS image sensors: electronic camera-on-a-chip

Eric R. Fossum
- 01 Oct 1997 - 
- Vol. 44, Iss: 10, pp 1689-1698
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TLDR
In this article, the requirements for CMOS image sensors and their historical development, CMOS devices and circuits for pixels, analog signal chain, and on-chip analog-to-digital conversion are reviewed and discussed.
Abstract
CMOS active pixel sensors (APS) have performance competitive with charge-coupled device (CCD) technology, and offer advantages in on-chip functionality, system power reduction, cost, and miniaturization. This paper discusses the requirements for CMOS image sensors and their historical development, CMOS devices and circuits for pixels, analog signal chain, and on-chip analog-to-digital conversion are reviewed and discussed.

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Citations
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Nanostructured materials for photon detection

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A survey on industrial vision systems, applications and tools

TL;DR: The state of the art in machine vision inspection and a critical overview of real-world applications are presented and two independent ways to classify applications are proposed.
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Event-based Vision: A Survey

TL;DR: This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the emerging field of event-based vision, with a focus on the applications and the algorithms developed to unlock the outstanding properties of event cameras.
Journal Article

CMOS image sensors: Electronic camera-on-a-chip

TL;DR: In this article, the requirements for CMOS image sensors and their historical development, CMOS devices and circuits for pixels, analog signal chain, and on-chip analog-to-digital conversion are reviewed and discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Integrating photonics with silicon nanoelectronics for the next generation of systems on a chip.

TL;DR: A way of integrating photonics with silicon nanoelectronics is described, using polycrystalline silicon on glass islands alongside transistors on bulk silicon complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor chips to address the demand for high-bandwidth optical interconnects in data centres and high-performance computing.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Photosensitivity and Scanning of Silicon Image Detector Arrays

TL;DR: The first part of this paper deals with the basic photodiode unit, its principle of operation, and the factors that affect thePhotodiode and array sensitivity.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Camera on a chip

TL;DR: These cameras will be a standard peripheral on all PCs bundled for multimedia applications, given that in excess of 60M PCs will be sold this year, a sizable new market for electronic cameras is being created.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Progress in CMOS active pixel image sensors

TL;DR: An investigation of various designs for the pixel, including photogate devices of various geometries and photodiode devices, has been performed and results regarding on-chip suppression of fixed pattern noise are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI

A novel wide dynamic range silicon photodetector and linear imaging array

TL;DR: In this article, a silicon photodetector structure utilizing the MOSFET subthreshold effect is discussed, which can be integrated on the same chip with CCDs, providing an analog voltage signal over a wide dynamic range.
Journal ArticleDOI

Integrated arrays of silicon photodetectors for image sensing

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe linear and area arrays of silicon photodetectors operating in a photon flux integration mode, which permits the trade-off of gain for bandwidth.
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