Commensal microbes provide first line defense against Listeria monocytogenes infection.
Simone Becattini,Eric R. Littmann,Rebecca A. Carter,Sohn Kim,Sejal Morjaria,Lilan Ling,Yangtsho Gyaltshen,Emily Fontana,Ying Taur,Ingrid Leiner,Eric G. Pamer +10 more
TLDR
It is shown that a diverse microbiota markedly reduces Listeria monocytogenes colonization of the gut lumen and prevents systemic dissemination, and identifies intestinal commensal species that, by enhancing resistance against this pathogen, represent potential probiotics.Abstract:
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes septicemia, meningitis and chorioamnionitis and is associated with high mortality. Immunocompetent humans and animals, however, can tolerate high doses of L. monocytogenes without developing systemic disease. The intestinal microbiota provides colonization resistance against many orally acquired pathogens, and antibiotic-mediated depletion of the microbiota reduces host resistance to infection. Here we show that a diverse microbiota markedly reduces Listeria monocytogenes colonization of the gut lumen and prevents systemic dissemination. Antibiotic administration to mice before low dose oral inoculation increases L. monocytogenes growth in the intestine. In immunodeficient or chemotherapy-treated mice, the intestinal microbiota provides nonredundant defense against lethal, disseminated infection. We have assembled a consortium of commensal bacteria belonging to the Clostridiales order, which exerts in vitro antilisterial activity and confers in vivo resistance upon transfer into germ free mice. Thus, we demonstrate a defensive role of the gut microbiota against Listeria monocytogenes infection and identify intestinal commensal species that, by enhancing resistance against this pathogen, represent potential probiotics.read more
Citations
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Listeria monocytogenes: towards a complete picture of its physiology and pathogenesis.
TL;DR: The complexity of bacterial regulation and physiology is described, incorporating new insights into the mechanisms of action of a series of riboregulators that are critical for efficient metabolic regulation, antibiotic resistance and interspecies competition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Culturing the human microbiota and culturomics
Jean-Christophe Lagier,Grégory Dubourg,Matthieu Million,Frédéric Cadoret,Melhem Bilen,Florence Fenollar,Anthony Levasseur,Jean-Marc Rolain,Pierre-Edouard Fournier,Didier Raoult +9 more
TL;DR: How culturomics has extended the understanding of bacterial diversity, and how it can be applied to the study of the human microbiota and the potential implications for human health are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
The intestinal microbiota: Antibiotics, colonization resistance, and enteric pathogens.
TL;DR: The members of the microbiota, as well as the mechanisms, that govern colonization resistance against specific pathogens are discussed, aswell as the unique epidemiology of immunocompromised patients that renders them a particularly high‐risk population to intestinal nosocomial infections.
Journal ArticleDOI
A flavin-based extracellular electron transfer mechanism in diverse Gram-positive bacteria.
Samuel H. Light,Lin Su,Rafael Rivera-Lugo,Jose A. Cornejo,Alexander Louie,Anthony T. Iavarone,Caroline M. Ajo-Franklin,Daniel A. Portnoy +7 more
TL;DR: A greater prevalence of EET-based growth capabilities is suggested and a previously underappreciated relevance for electrogenic bacteria across diverse environments, including host-associated microbial communities and infectious disease is established.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gut Microbiota and Colonization Resistance against Bacterial Enteric Infection
Quinten R Ducarmon,Romy D. Zwittink,Bastian V. H. Hornung,W. van Schaik,Vincent B. Young,E.J. Kuijper +5 more
TL;DR: Current knowledge on how the gut microbiota can mediate colonization resistance against bacterial enteric infection and on how bacterial enteropathogens can overcome this resistance are summarized.
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