Compositional and functional differences of the mucosal microbiota along the intestine of healthy individuals
Stefania Vaga,Sunjae Lee,Boyang Ji,Anna Andreasson,Anna Andreasson,Anna Andreasson,Nicholas J. Talley,Lars Agréus,Gholamreza Bidkhori,Petia Kovatcheva-Datchary,Petia Kovatcheva-Datchary,Jun-Seok Park,Doheon Lee,Gordon Proctor,Stanislav Dusko Ehrlich,Jens Nielsen,Lars Engstrand,Saeed Shoaie,Saeed Shoaie +18 more
TLDR
This work used shotgun metagenomics of mucosal biopsies to explore the microbial communities’ compositions of terminal ileum and large intestine in 5 healthy individuals, and details which species are involved with the tryptophan/indole pathway and the antimicrobial resistance biogeography along the intestine.Abstract:
Gut mucosal microbes evolved closest to the host, developing specialized local communities. There is, however, insufficient knowledge of these communities as most studies have employed sequencing technologies to investigate faecal microbiota only. This work used shotgun metagenomics of mucosal biopsies to explore the microbial communities' compositions of terminal ileum and large intestine in 5 healthy individuals. Functional annotations and genome-scale metabolic modelling of selected species were then employed to identify local functional enrichments. While faecal metagenomics provided a good approximation of the average gut mucosal microbiome composition, mucosal biopsies allowed detecting the subtle variations of local microbial communities. Given their significant enrichment in the mucosal microbiota, we highlight the roles of Bacteroides species and describe the antimicrobial resistance biogeography along the intestine. We also detail which species, at which locations, are involved with the tryptophan/indole pathway, whose malfunctioning has been linked to pathologies including inflammatory bowel disease. Our study thus provides invaluable resources for investigating mechanisms connecting gut microbiota and host pathophysiology.read more
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References
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Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1–based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors
Bertrand Routy,Bertrand Routy,Bertrand Routy,Lisa Derosa,Lisa Derosa,Lisa Derosa,Connie P.M. Duong,Connie P.M. Duong,Maryam Tidjani Alou,Maryam Tidjani Alou,Maryam Tidjani Alou,Romain Daillère,Romain Daillère,Romain Daillère,Aurélie Fluckiger,Aurélie Fluckiger,Meriem Messaoudene,Meriem Messaoudene,Conrad Rauber,Conrad Rauber,Conrad Rauber,Maria Paula Roberti,Maria Paula Roberti,Marine Fidelle,Marine Fidelle,Caroline Flament,Caroline Flament,Vichnou Poirier-Colame,Vichnou Poirier-Colame,Paule Opolon,Christophe Klein,Kristina Iribarren,Laura Mondragón,Nicolas Jacquelot,Nicolas Jacquelot,Nicolas Jacquelot,Bo Qu,Bo Qu,Bo Qu,Gladys Ferrere,Gladys Ferrere,Gladys Ferrere,Céline Clémenson,Céline Clémenson,Laura Mezquita,Jordi Remon Masip,C. Naltet,Solenn Brosseau,Coureche Kaderbhai,Corentin Richard,Hira Rizvi,Florence Levenez,Nathalie Galleron,Benoit Quinquis,Nicolas Pons,Bernhard Ryffel,Veronique Minard-Colin,Patrick Gonin,Jean-Charles Soria,Eric Deutsch,Eric Deutsch,Yohann Loriot,Yohann Loriot,François Ghiringhelli,Gérard Zalcman,François Goldwasser,B. Escudier,B. Escudier,Matthew D. Hellmann,Matthew D. Hellmann,Alexander M.M. Eggermont,Alexander M.M. Eggermont,Didier Raoult,Laurence Albiges,Laurence Albiges,Guido Kroemer,Laurence Zitvogel +76 more
TL;DR: It is found that primary resistance to ICIs can be attributed to abnormal gut microbiome composition, and Antibiotics inhibited the clinical benefit of ICIs in patients with advanced cancer.