Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of ionizing radiation on mitochondria
TLDR
In this article, the authors discuss experimental observations of the effects of ionizing radiation on the mitochondria at (1) the DNA and (2) functional levels, and discuss the roles of mitochondria in (3) oxidative stress and (4) late radiation effects.About:
This article is published in Free Radical Biology and Medicine.The article was published on 2013-12-01. It has received 266 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Radiobiology & Ionizing radiation.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of ionizing radiation on biological molecules--mechanisms of damage and emerging methods of detection.
TL;DR: Chemical mechanisms for IR-induced modifications of biomolecules along with methods for their detection are described and the synergy of combined "omics" technologies such as genomics and epigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics is highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Induction of metastasis, cancer stem cell phenotype, and oncogenic metabolism in cancer cells by ionizing radiation
Su Yeon Lee,Eui Kyong Jeong,Min Kyung Ju,Hyun Min Jeon,Min Young Kim,Cho Hee Kim,Hye Gyeong Park,Song Iy Han,Ho Sung Kang +8 more
TL;DR: How IR- induced EMT/CSC/oncogenic metabolism may promote resistance to radiotherapy is discussed and efforts to develop therapeutic approaches to eliminate these IR-induced adverse effects are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cancer Stem Cells and Radioresistance: DNA Repair and Beyond.
TL;DR: The molecular mechanisms of C SC radioresistance attributable to DNA repair mechanisms and the development of CSC-targeted therapies for tumor radiosensitization are discussed and the current challenges in CSC research are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress, epigenetic changes and genomic instability: The pivotal role of mitochondria
TL;DR: The chronic oxidative stress is the main cause of the late post-radiation effects, including cancer, and this makes it an important adverse effect of exposure to IR and a target for radiological protection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cellular Stress Responses in Radiotherapy
Wanyeon Kim,Sungmin Lee,Danbi Seo,Dain Kim,Kyeongmin Kim,EunGi Kim,JiHoon Kang,Ki Moon Seong,HyeSook Youn,BuHyun Youn +9 more
TL;DR: The present study describes the molecular mechanisms responsible for radiation-induced cellular stress response and radiores resistance, and the therapeutic approaches used to overcome radioresistance.
References
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Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome
Stephen Anderson,Alan T. Bankier,Bart Barrell,M.H.L. de Bruijn,Alan Coulson,J. Drouin,J. Drouin,Ian C. Eperon,Donald P. Nierlich,Donald P. Nierlich,Bruce A. Roe,Bruce A. Roe,Frederick Sanger,P. H. Schreier,Andrew J.H. Smith,Rodger Staden,Ian G. Young,Ian G. Young +17 more
TL;DR: The complete sequence of the 16,569-base pair human mitochondrial genome is presented and shows extreme economy in that the genes have none or only a few noncoding bases between them, and in many cases the termination codons are not coded in the DNA but are created post-transcriptionally by polyadenylation of the mRNAs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification and analysis of functional elements in 1% of the human genome by the ENCODE pilot project
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TL;DR: Functional data from multiple, diverse experiments performed on a targeted 1% of the human genome as part of the pilot phase of the ENCODE Project are reported, providing convincing evidence that the genome is pervasively transcribed, such that the majority of its bases can be found in primary transcripts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mitochondrial formation of reactive oxygen species.
TL;DR: This review describes the main mitochondrial sources of reactive species and the antioxidant defences that evolved to prevent oxidative damage in all the mitochondrial compartments and discusses various physiological and pathological scenarios resulting from an increased steady state concentration of mitochondrial oxidants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms Controlling Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Respiration through the Thermogenic Coactivator PGC-1
Zhidan Wu,Pere Puigserver,Ulf Andersson,Chen-Yu Zhang,Guillaume Adelmant,Vamsi K. Mootha,Amy E Troy,Saverio Cinti,Bradford B. Lowell,Richard C. Scarpulla,Bruce M. Spiegelman +10 more
TL;DR: PGC-1, a cold-inducible coactivator of nuclear receptors, stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration in muscle cells through an induction of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2) and through regulation of the nuclear respiratory factors (NRFs).
Journal ArticleDOI
The biology of oxygen radicals
TL;DR: The reactive superoxide radical, O2-, formerly of concern only to radiation chemists and radiobiologists, is now understood to be a normal product of the biological reduction of molecular oxygen.