Formation of propionate and butyrate by the human colonic microbiota
Petra Louis,Harry J. Flint +1 more
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TLDR
This overview emphasizes the important role played by cross-feeding of intermediary metabolites (in particular lactate, succinate and 1,2-propanediol) between different gut bacteria.Abstract:
The human gut microbiota ferments dietary non-digestible carbohydrates into short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). These microbial products are utilized by the host and propionate and butyrate in particular exert a range of health-promoting functions. Here an overview of the metabolic pathways utilized by gut microbes to produce these two SCFA from dietary carbohydrates and from amino acids resulting from protein breakdown is provided. This overview emphasizes the important role played by cross-feeding of intermediary metabolites (in particular lactate, succinate and 1,2-propanediol) between different gut bacteria. The ecophysiology, including growth requirements and responses to environmental factors, of major propionate and butyrate producing bacteria are discussed in relation to dietary modulation of these metabolites. A detailed understanding of SCFA metabolism by the gut microbiota is necessary to underpin effective strategies to optimize SCFA supply to the host.read more
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Individualization of Chinese alcoholic beverages: Feasibility towards a regulation of organic acids
Zijian Miao,H. Srinivasa Hao,Ruyu Yan,Xinlei Wang,Bowen Yang,Jinyuan Sun,Zexia Li,Yuhang Zhang,Baoguo Sun +8 more
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper provided a potential approach to regulate the formation of organic acids in the complex microbial communities, for improving the flavor and physiological significance of alcoholic beverages, and highlighted that lactic acid and acetic acid are the universal acids in Baijiu, Huangjiu and rice wine.
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Correlation between gut bacteria Phascolarctobacterium and exogenous metabolite α-linolenic acid in T2DM: a case-control study
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the correlation of the interaction network between intestinal flora and metabolites in regulating the occurrence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with different glucose levels and healthy people.
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Analysis of Faecal Microbiota and Small ncRNAs in Autism: Detection of miRNAs and piRNAs with Possible Implications in Host–Gut Microbiota Cross-Talk
Federica Chiappori,Francesca Anna Cupaioli,Arianna Consiglio,Noemi Di Nanni,Ettore Mosca,Vito Flavio Licciulli,A Mezzelani +6 more
TL;DR: A novel approach to analyse faeces as a whole is proposed and for the first time, miRNAs and piRNAs are detected in faecal samples of patients with autism.
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Antibiotic-Induced Gut Microbiota Depletion Accelerates the Recovery of Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis in Rats.
Ghanyah H. Al-Qadami,G. Verma,Ysabella Z.A. Van Sebille,Hien Le,Ian Hewson,Emma Bateman,Hannah R. Wardill,Jane Rebecca Bowen +7 more
TL;DR: In this article , the authors explored the role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of radiation-induced oral mucositis in rats, and found that a smaller percentage of the mucosal ulcer was observed in the dorsal tongue of AIMD+Rx compared with the Rx group.
Journal ArticleDOI
Specific activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α by propionate metabolism via a β-oxidation-like pathway stimulates MUC2 production in intestinal goblet cells.
TL;DR: Zhang et al. as discussed by the authors investigated the mechanism of MUC2 expression by propionate, an SCFA, in intestinal goblet cells and found that propionates is metabolized via a β-oxidation-like pathway instead of the vitamin B12-dependent carboxylation pathway.
References
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