Formation of propionate and butyrate by the human colonic microbiota
Petra Louis,Harry J. Flint +1 more
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TLDR
This overview emphasizes the important role played by cross-feeding of intermediary metabolites (in particular lactate, succinate and 1,2-propanediol) between different gut bacteria.Abstract:
The human gut microbiota ferments dietary non-digestible carbohydrates into short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). These microbial products are utilized by the host and propionate and butyrate in particular exert a range of health-promoting functions. Here an overview of the metabolic pathways utilized by gut microbes to produce these two SCFA from dietary carbohydrates and from amino acids resulting from protein breakdown is provided. This overview emphasizes the important role played by cross-feeding of intermediary metabolites (in particular lactate, succinate and 1,2-propanediol) between different gut bacteria. The ecophysiology, including growth requirements and responses to environmental factors, of major propionate and butyrate producing bacteria are discussed in relation to dietary modulation of these metabolites. A detailed understanding of SCFA metabolism by the gut microbiota is necessary to underpin effective strategies to optimize SCFA supply to the host.read more
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The gut microbiome is associated with brain structure and function in schizophrenia
Shijia Li,Jie Song,Pengfei Ke,Lingyin Kong,Bingye Lei,Jing Zhou,Yuanyuan Huang,Hehua Li,G. Y. Li,Jun Chen,Xiaobo Li,Zhiming Xiang,Yuping Ning,Fengchun Wu,Kai Wu +14 more
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Short Chain Fatty Acids Modulate the Growth and Virulence of Pathosymbiont Escherichia coli and Host Response.
Shiying Zhang,Belgin Dogan,Cindy Guo,Deepali Herlekar,Katrina Stewart,Katrina Stewart,Ellen Scherl,Kenneth W. Simpson +7 more
TL;DR: Functional analysis reveals that colonic SCFA significantly (p < 0.05) inhibit E. coli motility, infectivity, and type 1 fimbria-mediated agglutination and inhibit the activation of NF-κB, and IL-8 production by epithelial cells.
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Dynamics of the normal gut microbiota: A longitudinal one-year population study in Sweden.
Lisa M. Olsson,Fredrik Boulund,Staffan Nilsson,Muhammad Tanweer Khan,Anders Gummesson,Linn Fagerberg,Lars Engstrand,Rosie Perkins,Mathias Uhlén,Göran Bergström,Valentina Tremaroli,Fredrik Bäckhed +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used whole-genome metagenomic and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to characterize the intra-and inter-individual variations of gut microbiota composition and functional potential of a disease-free Swedish population over one year.
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Polystyrene microplastics induce microbial dysbiosis and dysfunction in surrounding seawater.
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Fermented Soy Products: Beneficial Potential in Neurodegenerative Diseases.
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References
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From Dietary Fiber to Host Physiology: Short-Chain Fatty Acids as Key Bacterial Metabolites
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Formation of short chain fatty acids by the gut microbiota and their impact on human metabolism
Douglas J. Morrison,Tom Preston +1 more
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The gut microbiota, bacterial metabolites and colorectal cancer
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