Formation of propionate and butyrate by the human colonic microbiota
Petra Louis,Harry J. Flint +1 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
This overview emphasizes the important role played by cross-feeding of intermediary metabolites (in particular lactate, succinate and 1,2-propanediol) between different gut bacteria.Abstract:
The human gut microbiota ferments dietary non-digestible carbohydrates into short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). These microbial products are utilized by the host and propionate and butyrate in particular exert a range of health-promoting functions. Here an overview of the metabolic pathways utilized by gut microbes to produce these two SCFA from dietary carbohydrates and from amino acids resulting from protein breakdown is provided. This overview emphasizes the important role played by cross-feeding of intermediary metabolites (in particular lactate, succinate and 1,2-propanediol) between different gut bacteria. The ecophysiology, including growth requirements and responses to environmental factors, of major propionate and butyrate producing bacteria are discussed in relation to dietary modulation of these metabolites. A detailed understanding of SCFA metabolism by the gut microbiota is necessary to underpin effective strategies to optimize SCFA supply to the host.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Distinct maternal microbiota clusters are associated with diet during pregnancy: impact on neonatal microbiota and infant growth during the first 18 months of life.
Izaskun García-Mantrana,Marta Selma-Royo,Sonia González,Anna Parra-Llorca,Cecilia Martínez-Costa,Maria Carmen Collado +5 more
TL;DR: Diet was an important perinatal factor in early life that may impact maternal microbiota; in particular, fiber, lipids and proteins, and exert a significant effect on the neonatal microbiome and contribute to infant development during the first months of life.
Journal ArticleDOI
A prospective longitudinal study on the microbiota composition in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Diana Di Gioia,Nicole Bozzi Cionci,Loredana Baffoni,Angela Amoruso,Marco Pane,Luca Mogna,Francesca Gaggia,Maria Ausiliatrice Lucenti,Enrica Bersano,Roberto Cantello,Fabiola De Marchi,Letizia Mazzini +11 more
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that the gut microbiota of ALS patients is characterized by some differences with respect to controls, regardless of the disability degree, and poses the bases for larger clinical studies to characterize the microbiota changes as a novel ALS biomarker and to test new microbial strategy to ameliorate the health status of the gut.
Journal ArticleDOI
Understanding How Microorganisms Respond to Acid pH Is Central to Their Control and Successful Exploitation
Peter A. Lund,Daniela De Biase,Oded Liran,Ott Scheler,Nuno P. Mira,Zeynep Cetecioglu,Estefania Noriega Fernandez,Sara Bover-Cid,Rebecca A. Hall,Michael Sauer,Conor P. O'Byrne +10 more
TL;DR: The key molecular mechanisms known to be important for microbial survival during acid stress are surveyed and how this knowledge might be relevant to microbe-based applications and processes that are consequential for humans are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbiota‐dependent and ‐independent effects of dietary fibre on human health
TL;DR: How dietary fibre improves human health and the reported health benefits that are connected to molecular pathways are focused on.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intestinal Immune Dysregulation Driven by Dysbiosis Promotes Barrier Disruption and Bacterial Translocation in Rats With Cirrhosis.
Leticia Muñoz,Leticia Muñoz,M.J. Borrero,M.J. Borrero,M. Ubeda,M. Ubeda,Elisa Conde,Rosa del Campo,Macarena Rodríguez-Serrano,M. Lario,M. Lario,A.M. Sánchez-Díaz,Óscar Pastor,David Díaz,David Díaz,Laura García-Bermejo,Jorge Monserrat,Jorge Monserrat,Melchor Álvarez-Mon,Melchor Álvarez-Mon,Agustín Albillos,Agustín Albillos +21 more
TL;DR: The intestinal mucosa of rats with Cirrhosis acquires a proinflammatory profile of immune dysregulation that parallels the severity of cirrhosis; this impaired intestinal immune response is driven by gut dysbiosis and leads to disrupted barrier function, promoting GBT.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing
Junjie Qin,Ruiqiang Li,Jeroen Raes,Manimozhiyan Arumugam,Kristoffer Sølvsten Burgdorf,Chaysavanh Manichanh,Trine Nielsen,Nicolas Pons,Florence Levenez,Takuji Yamada,Daniel R. Mende,Junhua Li,Junming Xu,Shaochuan Li,Dongfang Li,Jianjun Cao,Bo Wang,Huiqing Liang,Huisong Zheng,Yinlong Xie,Julien Tap,Patricia Lepage,Marcelo Bertalan,Jean-Michel Batto,Torben Hansen,Denis Le Paslier,Allan Linneberg,H. Bjørn Nielsen,Eric Pelletier,Pierre Renault,Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén,Keith Turner,Hongmei Zhu,Chang Yu,Shengting Li,Min Jian,Yan Zhou,Yingrui Li,Xiuqing Zhang,Songgang Li,Nan Qin,Huanming Yang,Jian Wang,Søren Brunak,Joël Doré,Francisco Guarner,Karsten Kristiansen,Oluf Pedersen,Julian Parkhill,Jean Weissenbach,Peer Bork,S. Dusko Ehrlich,Jun Wang +52 more
TL;DR: The Illumina-based metagenomic sequencing, assembly and characterization of 3.3 million non-redundant microbial genes, derived from 576.7 gigabases of sequence, from faecal samples of 124 European individuals are described, indicating that the entire cohort harbours between 1,000 and 1,150 prevalent bacterial species and each individual at least 160 such species.
Journal ArticleDOI
KEGG as a reference resource for gene and protein annotation
TL;DR: The KEGG GENES database now includes viruses, plasmids, and the addendum category for functionally characterized proteins that are not represented in complete genomes, and new automatic annotation servers, BlastKOalA and GhostKOALA, are made available utilizing the non-redundant pangenome data set generated from theGENES database.
Journal ArticleDOI
From Dietary Fiber to Host Physiology: Short-Chain Fatty Acids as Key Bacterial Metabolites
TL;DR: Data is reviewed supporting the diverse functional roles carried out by a major class of bacterial metabolites, the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which affect various physiological processes and may contribute to health and disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formation of short chain fatty acids by the gut microbiota and their impact on human metabolism
Douglas J. Morrison,Tom Preston +1 more
TL;DR: This review aims to pull together recent findings on the role of SCFA in human metabolism to highlight the multi-faceted role ofSCFA on different metabolic systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
The gut microbiota, bacterial metabolites and colorectal cancer
TL;DR: The relationship between diet, microbial metabolism and CRC is discussed and it is argued that the cumulative effects of microbial metabolites should be considered in order to better predict and prevent cancer progression.
Related Papers (5)
QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data.
J. Gregory Caporaso,Justin Kuczynski,Jesse Stombaugh,Kyle Bittinger,Frederic D. Bushman,Elizabeth K. Costello,Noah Fierer,Antonio Gonzalez Peña,Julia K. Goodrich,Jeffrey I. Gordon,Gavin A. Huttley,Scott T. Kelley,Dan Knights,Jeremy E. Koenig,Ruth E. Ley,Catherine A. Lozupone,Daniel McDonald,Brian D. Muegge,Meg Pirrung,Jens Reeder,Joel Sevinsky,Peter J. Turnbaugh,William A. Walters,Jeremy Widmann,Tanya Yatsunenko,Jesse R. Zaneveld,Rob Knight,Rob Knight +27 more
Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells
Yukihiro Furusawa,Yuuki Obata,Shinji Fukuda,Takaho A. Endo,Gaku Nakato,Daisuke Takahashi,Yumiko Nakanishi,Chikako Uetake,Keiko Kato,Tamotsu Kato,Masumi Takahashi,Noriko N. Fukuda,Shinnosuke Murakami,Eiji Miyauchi,Shingo Hino,Koji Atarashi,Satoshi Onawa,Yumiko Fujimura,Trevor Lockett,Julie M. Clarke,David L. Topping,Masaru Tomita,Shohei Hori,Osamu Ohara,Tatsuya Morita,Haruhiko Koseki,Jun Kikuchi,Kenya Honda,Koji Hase,Hiroshi Ohno +29 more