Formation of propionate and butyrate by the human colonic microbiota
Petra Louis,Harry J. Flint +1 more
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TLDR
This overview emphasizes the important role played by cross-feeding of intermediary metabolites (in particular lactate, succinate and 1,2-propanediol) between different gut bacteria.Abstract:
The human gut microbiota ferments dietary non-digestible carbohydrates into short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). These microbial products are utilized by the host and propionate and butyrate in particular exert a range of health-promoting functions. Here an overview of the metabolic pathways utilized by gut microbes to produce these two SCFA from dietary carbohydrates and from amino acids resulting from protein breakdown is provided. This overview emphasizes the important role played by cross-feeding of intermediary metabolites (in particular lactate, succinate and 1,2-propanediol) between different gut bacteria. The ecophysiology, including growth requirements and responses to environmental factors, of major propionate and butyrate producing bacteria are discussed in relation to dietary modulation of these metabolites. A detailed understanding of SCFA metabolism by the gut microbiota is necessary to underpin effective strategies to optimize SCFA supply to the host.read more
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One-year supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC PTA 6475 counteracts a degradation of gut microbiota in older women with low bone mineral density
TL;DR: In this paper , a randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effect of L. reuteri ATCC PTA 6475 on bone metabolism, 20 women with the highest changes (good responders) and the lowest changes (poor responders) were selected from their previous RCT.
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Complementary Food Ingredients Alter Infant Gut Microbiome Composition and Metabolism In Vitro.
Shanthi G. Parkar,Doug Rosendale,Halina Stoklosinski,Carel M. H. Jobsis,Duncan Hedderley,Pramod Gopal +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the prebiotic potential of 32 food ingredients on the developing infant microbiome using an in vitro gastroileal digestion and colonic fermentation model and found significant changes in the concentrations of short-chain fatty acid metabolites, confirming the potential of the tested ingredients to stimulate bacterial metabolism.
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Elucidating the Relations between Gut Bacterial Composition and the Plasma and Fecal Metabolomes of Antibiotic Treated Wistar Rats
Aishwarya Murali,Varun Giri,Hunter James Cameron,Christina Behr,Saskia Sperber,Hennicke Kamp,Tilmann B. Walk,Bennard van Ravenzwaay +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of six antibiotic (AB) treatments (Streptomycin sulfate, Roxithromycin, Sparfloxacin, Vancomycin, Clindamycin and Lincomyc hydrochloride) and diet restriction (20%) on the gut microbiota in 28-day oral toxicity studies on Wistar rats were investigated.
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The Bridge Between Ischemic Stroke and Gut Microbes: Short-Chain Fatty Acids
TL;DR: This review summarizes the recent studies concerning the relationship between ischemic stroke and GM and outlines the role of SCFAs as a bridge between them, including the beneficial effects of SFCAs-mediated therapeutic measures such as diet, dietary supplements, fecal microbiota transplantation, and drugs on isChemic brain injury.
Journal ArticleDOI
Determination of Butyrate Synthesis Capacity in Gut Microbiota: Quantification of but Gene Abundance by qPCR in Fecal Samples.
Nikola Daskova,Marie Heczkova,Istvan Modos,Petra Videnska,Petra Splichalova,Helena Pelantová,Marek Kuzma,Jan Gojda,Monika Cahova +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, a method for the assessment of functional capacity of gut microbiota butyrate synthesis based on the qPCR quantification of bacterial gene coding butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase was developed.
References
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A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing
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Journal ArticleDOI
From Dietary Fiber to Host Physiology: Short-Chain Fatty Acids as Key Bacterial Metabolites
TL;DR: Data is reviewed supporting the diverse functional roles carried out by a major class of bacterial metabolites, the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which affect various physiological processes and may contribute to health and disease.
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Formation of short chain fatty acids by the gut microbiota and their impact on human metabolism
Douglas J. Morrison,Tom Preston +1 more
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The gut microbiota, bacterial metabolites and colorectal cancer
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