Health professionals for a new century: transforming education to strengthen health systems in an interdependent world
Julio Frenk,Lincoln C. Chen,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Jordan S. Cohen,Nigel Crisp,Timothy G Evans,Harvey V. Fineberg,Patricia J. Garcia,Yang Ke,Patrick Kelley,Barry Kistnasamy,Afaf Ibrahim Meleis,David Naylor,Ariel Pablos-Mendez,Srinath Reddy,Susan Scrimshaw,Jaime Sepúlveda,David Serwadda,Huda Zurayk +18 more
TLDR
In this article, the authors present a comprehensive framework that considers the connections between education and health systems, centred on people as co-producers and as drivers of needs and demands in both systems.About:
This article is published in The Lancet.The article was published on 2010-12-04 and is currently open access. It has received 4215 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Health policy & Health care reform.read more
Figures
Figure 3: Systems framework 
Table 2: Financing of medical and nursing graduates by region (2008) 
Figure 9: Competency-based education 
Figure 6: Density of medical schools by region Data sources are shown in webappendix pp 6–11. 
Figure 7: World maps resized by population (A), burden of disease (B), density of medical schools (C), and density of workforce (D) Data sources are shown in webappendix pp 6–11. DALY=disability-adjusted life-years. 
Figure 10: Models of interprofessional and transprofessional education
Citations
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Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (vol 380, pg 2197, 2012)
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive update of disease burden worldwide incorporating a systematic reassessment of disease and injury-specific epidemiology has been done since the 1990 study, and the authors aimed to calculate disease burden globally and for 21 regions for 1990, 2005, and 2010 with methods to enable meaningful comparisons over time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
Christopher J L Murray,Theo Vos,Rafael Lozano,Mohsen Naghavi,Abraham D. Flaxman,Catherine Michaud,Majid Ezzati,Kenji Shibuya,Joshua A. Salomon,Safa Abdalla,Victor Aboyans,Jerry Abraham,Ilana N. Ackerman,Rakesh Aggarwal,Stephanie Y. Ahn,Mohammed K. Ali,Mohammad A. AlMazroa,Miriam Alvarado,H. Ross Anderson,Laurie M. Anderson,Kathryn G. Andrews,Charles Atkinson,Larry M. Baddour,Adil N. Bahalim,Suzanne Barker-Collo,Lope H Barrero,David Bartels,María-Gloria Basáñez,Amanda J Baxter,Michelle L. Bell,Emelia J. Benjamin,Derrick A Bennett,Eduardo Bernabé,Kavi Bhalla,Bishal Bhandari,Boris Bikbov,Aref A. Bin Abdulhak,Gretchen L. Birbeck,James A. Black,Hannah Blencowe,Jed D. Blore,Fiona M. Blyth,Ian Bolliger,Audrey Bonaventure,Soufiane Boufous,Rupert R A Bourne,Michel Boussinesq,Tasanee Braithwaite,Carol Brayne,Lisa Bridgett,Simon Brooker,Peter Brooks,Traolach S. Brugha,Claire Bryan-Hancock,Chiara Bucello,Rachelle Buchbinder,Geoffrey Buckle,Christine M. Budke,Michael Burch,Peter Burney,Roy Burstein,Bianca Calabria,Benjamin L. Campbell,Charles E. Canter,Hélène Carabin,Jonathan R. Carapetis,Loreto Carmona,Claudia Cella,Fiona J Charlson,Honglei Chen,Andrew T. A. Cheng,David Chou,Sumeet S. Chugh,Luc E. Coffeng,Steven D. Colan,Samantha M. Colquhoun,K. Ellicott Colson,John R. Condon,Myles Connor,Myles Connor,Myles Connor,Leslie T. Cooper,Matthew A. Corriere,Monica Cortinovis,Karen Courville De Vaccaro,William G. Couser,Benjamin C Cowie,Michael H. Criqui,Marita Cross,Kaustubh Dabhadkar,Manu Dahiya,Nabila Dahodwala,James Damsere-Derry,Goodarz Danaei,Adrian Davis,Diego De Leo,Louisa Degenhardt,Louisa Degenhardt,Robert P. Dellavalle,Allyne Delossantos,Julie O. Denenberg,Sarah Derrett,Don C. Des Jarlais,Samath D Dharmaratne,Samath D Dharmaratne,Mukesh Dherani,Cesar Diaz-Torne,Helen Dolk,E. Ray Dorsey,Tim Driscoll,Herbert C. Duber,Beth E. Ebel,Karen Edmond,Alexis Elbaz,S. Ali,Holly E. Erskine,Patricia J. Erwin,Patricia Espindola,Stalin E. Ewoigbokhan,Farshad Farzadfar,Valery L. Feigin,David T. Felson,Alize J. Ferrari,Cleusa P. Ferri,Eric M. Fèvre,Mariel M. Finucane,Seth Flaxman,Louise Flood,Kyle J Foreman,Mohammad H. Forouzanfar,F.G.R. Fowkes,Marlene Fransen,Michael Freeman,Belinda J. Gabbe,Sherine E. Gabriel,Emmanuela Gakidou,Hammad A. Ganatra,Bianca Garcia,Flavio Gaspari,Richard F. Gillum,Gerhard Gmel,Diego Gonzalez-Medina,Richard A. Gosselin,Rebecca Grainger,Bridget F. Grant,Justina Groeger,Francis Guillemin,David Gunnell,R Gupta,Juanita A. Haagsma,Holly Hagan,Yara A. Halasa,Wayne Hall,Diana Haring,Josep Maria Haro,James Harrison,Rasmus Havmoeller,Rasmus Havmoeller,Roderick J. Hay,Hideki Higashi,Christopher Hill,Bruno Hoen,Howard J. Hoffman,Peter J. Hotez,Damian G Hoy,John J Huang,Sydney E. Ibeanusi,Kathryn H. Jacobsen,Spencer L. James,Deborah Jarvis,Rashmi Jasrasaria,Sudha Jayaraman,Nicole E. Johns,Jost B. Jonas,Ganesan Karthikeyan,Nicholas J Kassebaum,Norito Kawakami,Andre Keren,Jon Paul Khoo,Charles H. King,Lisa M. Knowlton,Olive Kobusingye,Olive Kobusingye,Adofo Koranteng,Rita Krishnamurthi,Francine Laden,Ratilal Lalloo,Laura L Laslett,Tim Lathlean,Janet L Leasher,Yong Yi Lee,James Leigh,Daphna Levinson,Stephen S Lim,Elizabeth S Limb,John K Lin,Michael S Lipnick,Steven E. Lipshultz,Wei Liu,Maria Loane,Summer Lockett Ohno,Ronan A Lyons,Jacqueline Mabweijano,Michael F. MacIntyre,Reza Malekzadeh,Leslie Mallinger,Sivabalan Manivannan,Wagner Marcenes,Lyn March,David J. Margolis,Guy B. Marks,Robin Marks,Akira Matsumori,Richard Matzopoulos,Richard Matzopoulos,Bongani M. Mayosi,John H. McAnulty,Mary M. McDermott,Neil McGill,John J. McGrath,María Elena Medina-Mora,Michele Meltzer,Ziad A. Memish,George A. Mensah,Tony R. Merriman,Ana-Claire Meyer,Valeria Miglioli,Matthew J. Miller,Ted R. Miller,Philip B. Mitchell,Charles Mock,Ana Olga Mocumbi,Terrie E. Moffitt,Ali A. Mokdad,Lorenzo Monasta,Marcella Montico,Maziar Moradi-Lakeh,Andrew E. Moran,Lidia Morawska,Rintaro Mori,Michele E. Murdoch,Michael K Mwaniki,Kovin Naidoo,M. Nathan Nair,Luigi Naldi,K.M. Venkat Narayan,Paul K. Nelson,Robert G. Nelson,Michael C. Nevitt,Charles R. Newton,Sandra Nolte,Paul Norman,Rosana E. Norman,Martin O'Donnell,Simon J. O’Hanlon,Casey Olives,Saad B. Omer,Katrina F Ortblad,Richard H. Osborne,Doruk Ozgediz,Andrew Page,Bishnu Pahari,Jeyaraj D Pandian,Andrea Panozo Rivero,Scott B. Patten,Neil Pearce,Rogelio Perez Padilla,Fernando Perez-Ruiz,Norberto Perico,Konrad Pesudovs,David Phillips,Michael Phillips,Kelsey Pierce,Sébastien D. S. Pion,Guilherme V. Polanczyk,Suzanne Polinder,C. Arden Pope,Svetlana Popova,Esteban Porrini,Farshad Pourmalek,Martin Prince,Rachel L. Pullan,Kapa D. Ramaiah,Dharani Ranganathan,Homie Razavi,Mathilda Regan,Jürgen Rehm,David B. Rein,G. Remuzzi,Kathryn Richardson,Frederick P. Rivara,Thomas Roberts,Carolyn Robinson,Felipe Rodriguez De Leòn,Luca Ronfani,Robin Room,Robin Room,Lisa C. Rosenfeld,Lesley Rushton,Ralph L. Sacco,Sukanta Saha,Uchechukwu Sampson,Lidia Sanchez-Riera,Ella Sanman,David C. Schwebel,James Scott,Maria Segui-Gomez,Saeid Shahraz,Donald S. Shepard,Hwashin Shin,Rupak Shivakoti,Donald H. Silberberg,David Singh,Gitanjali M Singh,Jasvinder A. Singh,Jessica Singleton,David A. Sleet,Karen Sliwa,Emma Smith,Jennifer L. Smith,Nicolas J. C. Stapelberg,Andrew C Steer,Timothy J. Steiner,Wilma A. Stolk,Lars Jacob Stovner,Christopher R. Sudfeld,Sana Syed,Giorgio Tamburlini,Mohammad Tavakkoli,Hugh R. Taylor,Jennifer A. Taylor,William J. Taylor,Bernadette Thomas,W. Murray Thomson,George D. Thurston,Imad M. Tleyjeh,Marcello Tonelli,Jeffrey A. Towbin,Thomas Truelsen,Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris,Clotilde Ubeda,Eduardo A. Undurraga,Marieke J. van der Werf,Jim van Os,Monica S. Vavilala,Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian,Mengru Wang,Wenzhi Wang,Kerrianne Watt,David J. Weatherall,Martin A. Weinstock,Robert G. Weintraub,Marc G. Weisskopf,Myrna M. Weissman,Richard A. White,Harvey Whiteford,Natasha Wiebe,Steven T. Wiersma,James D. Wilkinson,Hywel C Williams,Sean R.M. Williams,Emma Witt,Frederick Wolfe,Anthony D. Woolf,Sarah Wulf,Pon Hsiu Yeh,Anita K. M. Zaidi,Zhi Jie Zheng,David Zonies,Alan D. Lopez +369 more
TL;DR: The results for 1990 and 2010 supersede all previously published Global Burden of Disease results and highlight the importance of understanding local burden of disease and setting goals and targets for the post-2015 agenda taking such patterns into account.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Surgery 2030: evidence and solutions for achieving health, welfare, and economic development
John G. Meara,John G. Meara,Andrew J M Leather,Lars Hagander,Blake C. Alkire,Nivaldo Alonso,Emmanuel A. Ameh,Stephen W. Bickler,Lesong Conteh,Anna J Dare,Justine Davies,Eunice D érivois Mérisier,Shenaaz El-Halabi,Paul Farmer,Paul Farmer,Atul A. Gawande,Rowan Gillies,Sarah L M Greenberg,Sarah L M Greenberg,Sarah L M Greenberg,Caris E Grimes,Russell L. Gruen,Russell L. Gruen,Edna Adan Ismail,Thaim B. Kamara,Chris Lavy,Ganbold Lundeg,Nyengo Mkandawire,Nyengo Mkandawire,Nakul P Raykar,Nakul P Raykar,Nakul P Raykar,Johanna N Riesel,Edgar B. Rodas,John A. Rose,Nobhojit Roy,Mark G. Shrime,Mark G. Shrime,Richard Sullivan,Stéphane Verguet,David A. K. Watters,Thomas G. Weiser,Iain H Wilson,Gavin Yamey,Winnie Yip +44 more
TL;DR: The need for surgical services in low- and middleincome countries will continue to rise substantially from now until 2030, with a large projected increase in the incidence of cancer, road traffic injuries, and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in LMICs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interprofessional education: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes (update)
TL;DR: This updated review includes 15 studies that measured the effectiveness of IPE interventions compared to no educational intervention and found that seven studies indicated that IPE produced positive outcomes in the following areas: diabetes care, emergency department culture and patient satisfaction.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health
TL;DR: The Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH) as mentioned in this paper was created to marshal the evidence on what can be done to promote health equity and to foster a global movement to achieve it.
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TL;DR: A Sovereign ProfessionThe Rise of Medical Authority and the Shaping of the Medical System and the Social Origins of Professional Sovereignty are discussed.
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TL;DR: In August 2010, AACN conducted an online survey of nursing schools offering baccalaureate and graduate programs in the U.S. to better assess the experience of new graduates in finding employment during these recessionary times.
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