Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of liquefaction and pyrolysis reactions of biomass
TLDR
In the liquefaction process, the micellar-like broken down fragments produced by hydrolysis are degraded to smaller compounds by dehydration, dehydrogenation, deoxygenation and decarboxylation as mentioned in this paper.About:
This article is published in Energy Conversion and Management.The article was published on 2000-04-01. It has received 904 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Deoxygenation & Thermal depolymerization.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Direct liquefaction of sawdust under syngas
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of temperature, initial syngas pressure and reaction time on the product distribution of sawdust liquefaction were studied and the results showed that hydrogen donor solvent showed remarkable effect than either non-hydrogen donor solvent or without presence of solvent and its hydrogenation ability was much higher than gaseous hydrogen.
Journal ArticleDOI
Devolatilization behavior and pyrolysis kinetics of potential Tunisian biomass fuels
TL;DR: In this article, mass loss kinetics were used to determine devolatilization kinetic parameters characterizing four Tunisian biomass species: pine sawdust, agro-industrial by product (Olive Solid Waste), agricultural residue (Date Palm Trunk), and seaweed (Posidonia Oceanica) using data from non-isothermal thermogravimetry and the Coats and Redfern calculation method.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent energy investigations on fossil and alternative nonfossil resources in Turkey
TL;DR: In this article, a major dilemma now faced by Turkey is how to invest in new electric power capacity while, at the same time, adhering to foreign debt ceilings under lending rules set by the IMF.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synergistic hydrothermal liquefaction of wheat stalk with homogeneous and heterogeneous catalyst at low temperature.
TL;DR: The analysis results indicated that longer reaction time could promote liquefaction conversion especially for heavy bio-oil with Na2CO3 + Fe during the process of HTL.
Journal ArticleDOI
Performance of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of biomass by multivariate data analysis
TL;DR: In this article, a set of generally valid rules for prediction of the output from the process (yields and the energy content) on the basis of relatively few process parameters was determined.
References
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Book
Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure
TL;DR: Localized Chemical bonding Delocalized Chemical Bonding Bonding Weaker than Covalent Stereochemistry Carbocations, Carbanions, Free Radicals, Carbenes and Nitrenes Mechanisms and Methods of Determining them Photochemistry Acids and Bases Effects of Structure on Reactivity Aliphatic Nucleophilic Substitution Aromatic Electrophilic Substitutes Aliphatically Electrophilic Substitution Free-Radical Substitution Addition to Carbon-Carbon Multiple Bonds Adding to Carbon Hetero Multiple Bonds Eliminations Rearrangements Ox
BookDOI
Wood: chemistry, ultrastructure, reactions.
Dietrich Fengel,Gerd Wegener +1 more
TL;DR: The anatomy and chemistry of wood are described in detail, and with extensive reference to the literature, under the following headings: Introduction; Structure and ultrastructure; Chemical composition and analysis of wood; Cellulose; Polyoses (hemicelluloses); Lignin; Extractives; Distribution of the components within the wood cell wall; Constituents of bark; Reactions in acidic medium; reactions in alkaline medium; Influence of temperature; Degradation by light and ionizing rays; Microbial and enzymatic degradation; Aging and fossilization; Pul
Book
Textbook of Wood Technology
A. J. Panshin,C. de Zeeuw +1 more
TL;DR: The first part deals with the formation, anatomy and properties of wood, and the second part is important for the numerous means of identifying woods which it contains as discussed by the authors, including anatomical means, structural features, physical characteristics, figure as it is related to the various planes of cut, and by chemical means.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lignin chemistry—past, present and future
TL;DR: Later development, beginning with the dehydrogenation theory and experimental studies on the de-hydrogenative polymerization of p-hydroxycinnamyl alcohols, is reviewed in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent progress in the chemistry of wood hemicelluloses
TL;DR: In this article, the present status of the chemistry of wood hemicelluloses is summarized, with special emphasis on recent contributions, and problems still to be solved in wood chemistry are discussed, and an attempt is made to predict future developments in this field.