Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of liquefaction and pyrolysis reactions of biomass
TLDR
In the liquefaction process, the micellar-like broken down fragments produced by hydrolysis are degraded to smaller compounds by dehydration, dehydrogenation, deoxygenation and decarboxylation as mentioned in this paper.About:
This article is published in Energy Conversion and Management.The article was published on 2000-04-01. It has received 904 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Deoxygenation & Thermal depolymerization.read more
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A snapshot of renewable energy research in Turkey
TL;DR: In this article, a study was conducted to find out the development trends of the scientific studies in the field of renewable energies in Turkey, where a total of 12,197 publications were processed article by article and as a result 1555 papers were found to focus on renewable energies between the years 1980 and 2008 with the contributions of 1605 authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Crop types have stronger effects on soil microbial communities and functionalities than biochar or fertilizer during two cycles of legume-cereal rotations of dry land.
Muhammad Azeem,Muhammad Azeem,Muhammad Azeem,Daquan Sun,David E. Crowley,Rifat Hayat,Qaiser Hussain,Amjad Ali,Muhammad Ibrahim Tahir,Parimala Gnana Soundari Arockiam Jeyasundar,Jörg Rinklebe,Zengqiang Zhang +11 more
TL;DR: The crop type played a decisive role, rather than biochar or fertilizer addition, in shaping microbial community structures (16S and ITS phyla) during crop rotation, and affected soil properties, microbial community assays were not greatly altered by these physicochemical properties.
Journal ArticleDOI
Design, Construction, and Operation of a Transported Fluid Bed Process Development Unit for Biomass Fast Pyrolysis: Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated biomass fast pyrolysis process in a novel once-through transported fluid bed process development unit, where the main part of the unit is a specially designed mixing zone where the solid heat carrier mixes with the biomass feed.
Journal ArticleDOI
An investigation into the impact of reaction temperature on various parameters during torrefaction of sugarcane bagasse relevant to gasification.
TL;DR: Torrefaction of sugarcane bagasse was conducted in an electric muffle furnace at 200, 250, and 300°C in order to establish the impact of heat treatment temperature on various parameters.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of the status and outlook of biomass energy in Jordan
TL;DR: In this article, the status and potential of utilizing biomass as an energy source in Jordan was investigated, and two scenarios were investigated: biogas production and thermal treatment, where the amount of waste and residue is estimated to be 6.680 million tons for the year 2011.
References
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Book
Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure
TL;DR: Localized Chemical bonding Delocalized Chemical Bonding Bonding Weaker than Covalent Stereochemistry Carbocations, Carbanions, Free Radicals, Carbenes and Nitrenes Mechanisms and Methods of Determining them Photochemistry Acids and Bases Effects of Structure on Reactivity Aliphatic Nucleophilic Substitution Aromatic Electrophilic Substitutes Aliphatically Electrophilic Substitution Free-Radical Substitution Addition to Carbon-Carbon Multiple Bonds Adding to Carbon Hetero Multiple Bonds Eliminations Rearrangements Ox
BookDOI
Wood: chemistry, ultrastructure, reactions.
Dietrich Fengel,Gerd Wegener +1 more
TL;DR: The anatomy and chemistry of wood are described in detail, and with extensive reference to the literature, under the following headings: Introduction; Structure and ultrastructure; Chemical composition and analysis of wood; Cellulose; Polyoses (hemicelluloses); Lignin; Extractives; Distribution of the components within the wood cell wall; Constituents of bark; Reactions in acidic medium; reactions in alkaline medium; Influence of temperature; Degradation by light and ionizing rays; Microbial and enzymatic degradation; Aging and fossilization; Pul
Book
Textbook of Wood Technology
A. J. Panshin,C. de Zeeuw +1 more
TL;DR: The first part deals with the formation, anatomy and properties of wood, and the second part is important for the numerous means of identifying woods which it contains as discussed by the authors, including anatomical means, structural features, physical characteristics, figure as it is related to the various planes of cut, and by chemical means.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lignin chemistry—past, present and future
TL;DR: Later development, beginning with the dehydrogenation theory and experimental studies on the de-hydrogenative polymerization of p-hydroxycinnamyl alcohols, is reviewed in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent progress in the chemistry of wood hemicelluloses
TL;DR: In this article, the present status of the chemistry of wood hemicelluloses is summarized, with special emphasis on recent contributions, and problems still to be solved in wood chemistry are discussed, and an attempt is made to predict future developments in this field.