Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of liquefaction and pyrolysis reactions of biomass
TLDR
In the liquefaction process, the micellar-like broken down fragments produced by hydrolysis are degraded to smaller compounds by dehydration, dehydrogenation, deoxygenation and decarboxylation as mentioned in this paper.About:
This article is published in Energy Conversion and Management.The article was published on 2000-04-01. It has received 904 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Deoxygenation & Thermal depolymerization.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Black Carbon’s Properties and Role in the Environment: A Comprehensive Review
TL;DR: A review and synthesis of recent findings and discussions on the nature of these different forms of black carbon and their impacts, particularly in relation to pollution and climate change is presented in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wastes and biomass materials as sustainable-renewable energy resources for Jordan
Zayed Al-Hamamre,Motasem N. Saidan,Muhanned A. Hararah,Khaled Rawajfeh,Hussam E. Alkhasawneh,Mohammad Al-Shannag +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an assessment of biomass resources potential in Jordan for power/heat generation and biogas production is presented, based on five crucial requirements toward process sustainability and production cost.
Journal ArticleDOI
Treatment technologies for urban solid biowaste to create value products: a review with focus on low- and middle-income settings
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a comprehensive overview of 13 biowaste treatment technologies, grouped into four categories: (1) direct use (direct land application, direct animal feed, direct combustion), (2) biological treatment (composting, vermicomposting), black soldier fly treatment, anaerobic digestion, fermentation), (3) physico-chemical treatment (transesterification, densification), and (4) thermo-chemical Treatment (pyrolysis, liquefaction, gasification).
Journal ArticleDOI
Catalytic co-pyrolysis of paper biomass and plastic mixtures (HDPE (high density polyethylene), PP (polypropylene) and PET (polyethylene terephthalate)) and product analysis
TL;DR: In this paper, a fixed-bed catalytic co-pyrolysis of high density polyethylene, PP (polypropylene) and PET (polyethylene terephthalate) has been performed in a fixed bed reactor in presence of cobalt based alumina, ceria and ceria-alumina catalysts to analyze the product distribution and selectivity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of initial moisture content on the yields of oily products from pyrolysis of biomass
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of initial moisture contents on the yields of total oily products from conventional pyrolysis of spruce wood, hazelnut shell and wheat straw were studied.
References
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Book
Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure
TL;DR: Localized Chemical bonding Delocalized Chemical Bonding Bonding Weaker than Covalent Stereochemistry Carbocations, Carbanions, Free Radicals, Carbenes and Nitrenes Mechanisms and Methods of Determining them Photochemistry Acids and Bases Effects of Structure on Reactivity Aliphatic Nucleophilic Substitution Aromatic Electrophilic Substitutes Aliphatically Electrophilic Substitution Free-Radical Substitution Addition to Carbon-Carbon Multiple Bonds Adding to Carbon Hetero Multiple Bonds Eliminations Rearrangements Ox
BookDOI
Wood: chemistry, ultrastructure, reactions.
Dietrich Fengel,Gerd Wegener +1 more
TL;DR: The anatomy and chemistry of wood are described in detail, and with extensive reference to the literature, under the following headings: Introduction; Structure and ultrastructure; Chemical composition and analysis of wood; Cellulose; Polyoses (hemicelluloses); Lignin; Extractives; Distribution of the components within the wood cell wall; Constituents of bark; Reactions in acidic medium; reactions in alkaline medium; Influence of temperature; Degradation by light and ionizing rays; Microbial and enzymatic degradation; Aging and fossilization; Pul
Book
Textbook of Wood Technology
A. J. Panshin,C. de Zeeuw +1 more
TL;DR: The first part deals with the formation, anatomy and properties of wood, and the second part is important for the numerous means of identifying woods which it contains as discussed by the authors, including anatomical means, structural features, physical characteristics, figure as it is related to the various planes of cut, and by chemical means.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lignin chemistry—past, present and future
TL;DR: Later development, beginning with the dehydrogenation theory and experimental studies on the de-hydrogenative polymerization of p-hydroxycinnamyl alcohols, is reviewed in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent progress in the chemistry of wood hemicelluloses
TL;DR: In this article, the present status of the chemistry of wood hemicelluloses is summarized, with special emphasis on recent contributions, and problems still to be solved in wood chemistry are discussed, and an attempt is made to predict future developments in this field.