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Observational probes of cosmic acceleration

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TLDR
In this article, the authors present extensive forecasts for constraints on the dark energy equation of state and parameterized deviations from General Relativity, achievable with Stage III and Stage IV experimental programs that incorporate supernovae, BAO, weak lensing, and cosmic microwave background data.
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This article is published in Physics Reports.The article was published on 2013-09-10 and is currently open access. It has received 1253 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Dark energy & Lambda-CDM model.

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The final SDSS-IV/SPIDERS X-ray point source spectroscopic catalogue

TL;DR: The SPIDERS X-ray Point Source Spectroscopic Catalogue as mentioned in this paper provides a detailed description of the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Sources (SPIDERS) survey, an SDSS-IV program aimed at obtaining spectroscopic classification and redshift measurements for complete samples of sufficiently bright Xray sources.
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Using Cross-Correlations to Calibrate Lensing Source Redshift Distributions: Improving Cosmological Constraints from Upcoming Weak Lensing Surveys

TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider a scenario where photometric redshifts are available, and find that, unless the redshift distribution p(z_{ph}|z) is calibrated very accurately a priori (bias and scatter known to ~0.002 for, e.g., EUCLID), the additional constraint from the cross correlation technique to a large extent restores the cosmological information originally lost due to the uncertainty in dn/dz(z).
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No need for dark matter in galaxy clusters within Galileon theory

TL;DR: In this article, an extension of covariant Galileon models in the so-called ''beyond Horndeski'' scenario is considered, where a breaking of the Vainshtein mechanism is possible and, thus, some peculiar observational signatures should be detectable and make it distinguishable from general relativity.
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An Introduction into the Theory of Cosmological Structure Formation

TL;DR: In this paper, a pedagogical introduction to the theory of structure formation in the universe is given, which is suited for graduate students of astronomy with a moderate background in general relativity.
References
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The relationship between infrared, optical, and ultraviolet extinction

TL;DR: In this article, the average extinction law over the 3.5 micron to 0.125 wavelength range was derived for both diffuse and dense regions of the interstellar medium. And the validity of the law over a large wavelength interval suggests that the processes which modify the sizes and compositions of grains are stochastic in nature.
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