SARS-CoV-2: a storm is raging.
Savannah F. Pedersen,Ya Chi Ho +1 more
TLDR
Overall, this study characterized the cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 and provides insights into immune therapeutics and vaccine design and the authors found that respiratory distress on admission is associated with unfavorable outcomes.Abstract:
The pandemic coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is rapidly spreading across the globe. In this issue of the JCI, Chen and colleagues compared the clinical and immunological characteristics between moderate and severe COVID-19. The authors found that respiratory distress on admission is associated with unfavorable outcomes. Increased cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α), lymphopenia (in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells), and decreased IFN-γ expression in CD4+ T cells are associated with severe COVID-19. Overall, this study characterized the cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 and provides insights into immune therapeutics and vaccine design.read more
Citations
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Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and disease enhancement - knowns and unknowns.
TL;DR: The in vivo evidence suggesting a theoretical risk of disease enhancement after vaccination with SARS- CoV and MERS-CoV vaccine candidates is reviewed and avenues to investigate the risk of vaccine-mediated disease enhancement both during pre-clinical and early clinical development are proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association and Interaction Between Serum Interleukin-6 Levels and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease in Patients With Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019.
Feng Gao,Kenneth I. Zheng,Hua-Dong Yan,Qing-Feng Sun,Ke-Hua Pan,Ting-Yao Wang,Yong-Ping Chen,Giovanni Targher,Christopher D. Byrne,Jacob George,Ming-Hua Zheng,Ming-Hua Zheng +11 more
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors found that patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) had a 2.6-fold higher risk of having severe COVID-19 than those without MAFLD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Battling COVID-19 Pandemic: Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Analogs as an Adjunctive Therapy?
Farha Naz,Mohd Arish +1 more
TL;DR: To investigate the possible utility of using S1P analogs to treat COVID-19, it was shown that the treatment with sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 analog, CYM5442, resulted in the significant dampening of the immune response upon H1N1 challenge in mice and improved survival of H 1N1 infected mice in combination with an antiviral drug.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exosomes contribution in COVID-19 patients' treatment.
TL;DR: In this paper, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), adipocyte MSCs, Ad-MSCs and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) possessing potent immunomodulatory activities are proposed as a therapeutic option for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Journal ArticleDOI
NLRP3 inflammasome activation in COVID-19: an interlink between risk factors and disease severity.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focused on the occurrence of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to SARS-COV-2 infection, dysregulation of NLP3 activation events in the presence of several comorbidities, and the contribution of activated NLP-III inflammmasome to the severity of COVID-19, and available therapeutics for the treatment of such NLRP-III related diseases.
References
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Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
Chaolin Huang,Yeming Wang,Xingwang Li,Lili Ren,Jianping Zhao,Yi Hu,Li Zhang,Guohui Fan,Jiuyang Xu,Xiaoying Gu,Zhenshun Cheng,Ting Yu,Jia'an Xia,Yuan Wei,Wenjuan Wu,Xuelei Xie,Wen Yin,Li Hui,Min Liu,Yan Xiao,Hong Gao,Li Guo,Jungang Xie,Guang-Fa Wang,Rongmeng Jiang,Zhancheng Gao,Qi Jin,Jianwei Wang,Bin Cao +28 more
TL;DR: The epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics and treatment and clinical outcomes of patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection in Wuhan, China, were reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China.
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TL;DR: During the first 2 months of the current outbreak, Covid-19 spread rapidly throughout China and caused varying degrees of illness, and patients often presented without fever, and many did not have abnormal radiologic findings.
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A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019.
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TL;DR: Human airway epithelial cells were used to isolate a novel coronavirus, named 2019-nCoV, which formed a clade within the subgenus sarbecovirus, Orthocoronavirinae subfamily, which is the seventh member of the family of coronaviruses that infect humans.
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Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia.
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TL;DR: There is evidence that human-to-human transmission has occurred among close contacts since the middle of December 2019 and considerable efforts to reduce transmission will be required to control outbreaks if similar dynamics apply elsewhere.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding.
Roujian Lu,Xiang Zhao,Juan Li,Peihua Niu,Bo Yang,Honglong Wu,Wenling Wang,Hao Song,Baoying Huang,Na Zhu,Yuhai Bi,Xuejun Ma,Faxian Zhan,Liang Wang,Tao Hu,Hong Zhou,Zhenhong Hu,Weimin Zhou,Li Zhao,Jing Chen,Yao Meng,Ji Wang,Yang Lin,Jianying Yuan,Zhihao Xie,Jinmin Ma,William J. Liu,Dayan Wang,Wenbo Xu,Edward C. Holmes,George F. Gao,George F. Gao,Guizhen Wu,Weijun Chen,Weifeng Shi,Wenjie Tan,Wenjie Tan +36 more
TL;DR: The phylogenetic analysis suggests that bats might be the original host of this virus, an animal sold at the seafood market in Wuhan might represent an intermediate host facilitating the emergence of the virus in humans.
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