SARS-CoV-2: a storm is raging.
Savannah F. Pedersen,Ya Chi Ho +1 more
TLDR
Overall, this study characterized the cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 and provides insights into immune therapeutics and vaccine design and the authors found that respiratory distress on admission is associated with unfavorable outcomes.Abstract:
The pandemic coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is rapidly spreading across the globe. In this issue of the JCI, Chen and colleagues compared the clinical and immunological characteristics between moderate and severe COVID-19. The authors found that respiratory distress on admission is associated with unfavorable outcomes. Increased cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α), lymphopenia (in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells), and decreased IFN-γ expression in CD4+ T cells are associated with severe COVID-19. Overall, this study characterized the cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 and provides insights into immune therapeutics and vaccine design.read more
Citations
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Potential Benefits of Tryptophan Metabolism to the Efficacy of Tocilizumab in COVID-19
TL;DR: The potentially multiple, synergistic mechanisms whereby tocilizumab might exert therapeutic activity are discussed, mostly focusing on the production of tryptophan-derived catabolites that would result from blockade of IL-6 signaling, as contextualized to the cytokine storm occurring in COVID-19 patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anti-Inflammatory treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia with tofacitinib alone or in combination with dexamethasone is safe and possibly superior to dexamethasone as a single agent in a predominantly African American cohort.
Maroun E. Hayek,Michael Mansour,Harrison Ndetan,Quentin Burkes,Robert Corkern,Ammar Dulli,Reya Hayek,Karim Parvez,Satwinder Singh +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the survival benefit of tofacitinib in addition to dexamethasone in hospitalized patients treated for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related pneumonia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immune Correlates of COVID-19 Control.
Bhawna Poonia,Shyam Kottilil +1 more
TL;DR: The purpose of this focused review is to summarize the current understanding regarding immune correlates of COVID-19 severity and resolution in order to assist researchers in the field to pursue new directions in prevention and control.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hemocytometric characteristics of COVID-19 patients with and without cytokine Storm syndrome on the Sysmex XN-10 hematology analyzer.
Remy J H Martens,Arjan J van Adrichem,Nadine J A Mattheij,Calvin G Brouwer,Daan J.L. van Twist,Jasper J C R Broerse,César Magro-Checa,Christel M.P. van Dongen,Rémy L M Mostard,Sofia Ramiro,Robert Landewé,Math P.G. Leers +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the hemocytometric characteristics of COVID-19 patients in relation to the deteriorating clinical condition CSS, using the Sysmex XN-10 hematology analyzer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Obesity and T2D: Literature Review.
Jorge Pérez-Galarza,César Prócel,Cristina Cañadas,Diana Gabriela Moreira Aguirre,Ronny Pibaque,Ricardo Bedón,Fernando Sempértegui,Hemmo A. Drexhage,Lucy Baldeón +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the abnormalities of the immune system, and summarize clinical findings of COVID-19 patients with pre-existing conditions such as obesity and T2D as this group is at greater risk of suffering severe and fatal clinical outcomes.
References
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Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia.
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TL;DR: There is evidence that human-to-human transmission has occurred among close contacts since the middle of December 2019 and considerable efforts to reduce transmission will be required to control outbreaks if similar dynamics apply elsewhere.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding.
Roujian Lu,Xiang Zhao,Juan Li,Peihua Niu,Bo Yang,Honglong Wu,Wenling Wang,Hao Song,Baoying Huang,Na Zhu,Yuhai Bi,Xuejun Ma,Faxian Zhan,Liang Wang,Tao Hu,Hong Zhou,Zhenhong Hu,Weimin Zhou,Li Zhao,Jing Chen,Yao Meng,Ji Wang,Yang Lin,Jianying Yuan,Zhihao Xie,Jinmin Ma,William J. Liu,Dayan Wang,Wenbo Xu,Edward C. Holmes,George F. Gao,George F. Gao,Guizhen Wu,Weijun Chen,Weifeng Shi,Wenjie Tan,Wenjie Tan +36 more
TL;DR: The phylogenetic analysis suggests that bats might be the original host of this virus, an animal sold at the seafood market in Wuhan might represent an intermediate host facilitating the emergence of the virus in humans.
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