SARS-CoV-2: a storm is raging.
Savannah F. Pedersen,Ya Chi Ho +1 more
TLDR
Overall, this study characterized the cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 and provides insights into immune therapeutics and vaccine design and the authors found that respiratory distress on admission is associated with unfavorable outcomes.Abstract:
The pandemic coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is rapidly spreading across the globe. In this issue of the JCI, Chen and colleagues compared the clinical and immunological characteristics between moderate and severe COVID-19. The authors found that respiratory distress on admission is associated with unfavorable outcomes. Increased cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α), lymphopenia (in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells), and decreased IFN-γ expression in CD4+ T cells are associated with severe COVID-19. Overall, this study characterized the cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 and provides insights into immune therapeutics and vaccine design.read more
Citations
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COVID-19 infection and liver injury: Clinical features, biomarkers, potential mechanisms, treatment, and management challenges
Gholam Reza Sivandzadeh,Hassan Askari,Ali Reza Safarpour,Fardad Ejtehadi,Ehsan Raeis-Abdollahi,Armaghan Vaez Lari,Mohammad Foad Abazari,Firoozeh Tarkesh,Kamran Bagheri Lankarani +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the current frontier of COVID-19 infection and liver injury and the direction of liver injury in vulnerable patients with pre-existing liver injury is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide (um-PEA): A New Possible Adjuvant Treatment in COVID-19 patients
Annalisa Noce,Maria Albanese,Giulia Marrone,Manuela Di Lauro,Anna Pietroboni Zaitseva,Daniela Palazzetti,Cristina Guerriero,Agostino Paolino,Giuseppa Pizzenti,Francesca Di Daniele,Annalisa Romani,Cartesio D'Agostini,Andrea Magrini,Nicola Biagio Mercuri,Nicola Di Daniele +14 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the potential use of um-PEA as an adjuvant treatment in SARS-CoV-2 infection was discussed, where the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized an ongoing clinical trial with ultramicronized (um)-PEA (PEA) as an add-on therapy in the treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS)-CoV2 infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway: A therapeutic strategy in COVID-19 patients.
Rasha Abu-Eid,Frank J. Ward +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway was used to control anti-viral immune responses in COVID-19 patients, which can lead to both a dangerous cytokine storm and development of blood-borne factors that render severe thrombotic events more likely.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of toll-like receptor 7/8 pathways in regulation of interferon response and inflammatory mediators during SARS-CoV2 infection and potential therapeutic options.
Shetty Ravi Dyavar,Rahul Singh,Rohini Emani,Ganesh P. Pawar,Vinod D. Chaudhari,Anthony T. Podany,Sean N. Avedissian,Courtney V. Fletcher,Deepak B. Salunke +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on inflammatory mediators that contribute to pathogenic effects and the role of TLR pathways in the induction of interferon and inflammatory mediator and their contribution to COVID-19 pathogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Predictive Nomogram for Severe COVID-19 and Identification of Mortality-Related Immune Features.
Li Cai,Xi Zhou,Miao Wang,Heng Mei,Lisha Ai,Shidai Mu,Xiaoyan Zhao,Wei Chen,Yu Hu,Huafang Wang +9 more
TL;DR: The risk prediction nomogram incorporating age, C-reactive protein, and D-dimer for early identification of severe COVID-19 patients showed favorable discrimination in both the primary and validation cohorts and was well calibrated.
References
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TL;DR: There is evidence that human-to-human transmission has occurred among close contacts since the middle of December 2019 and considerable efforts to reduce transmission will be required to control outbreaks if similar dynamics apply elsewhere.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding.
Roujian Lu,Xiang Zhao,Juan Li,Peihua Niu,Bo Yang,Honglong Wu,Wenling Wang,Hao Song,Baoying Huang,Na Zhu,Yuhai Bi,Xuejun Ma,Faxian Zhan,Liang Wang,Tao Hu,Hong Zhou,Zhenhong Hu,Weimin Zhou,Li Zhao,Jing Chen,Yao Meng,Ji Wang,Yang Lin,Jianying Yuan,Zhihao Xie,Jinmin Ma,William J. Liu,Dayan Wang,Wenbo Xu,Edward C. Holmes,George F. Gao,George F. Gao,Guizhen Wu,Weijun Chen,Weifeng Shi,Wenjie Tan,Wenjie Tan +36 more
TL;DR: The phylogenetic analysis suggests that bats might be the original host of this virus, an animal sold at the seafood market in Wuhan might represent an intermediate host facilitating the emergence of the virus in humans.
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