SARS-CoV-2: a storm is raging.
Savannah F. Pedersen,Ya Chi Ho +1 more
TLDR
Overall, this study characterized the cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 and provides insights into immune therapeutics and vaccine design and the authors found that respiratory distress on admission is associated with unfavorable outcomes.Abstract:
The pandemic coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is rapidly spreading across the globe. In this issue of the JCI, Chen and colleagues compared the clinical and immunological characteristics between moderate and severe COVID-19. The authors found that respiratory distress on admission is associated with unfavorable outcomes. Increased cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α), lymphopenia (in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells), and decreased IFN-γ expression in CD4+ T cells are associated with severe COVID-19. Overall, this study characterized the cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 and provides insights into immune therapeutics and vaccine design.read more
Citations
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Impaired type I interferon activity and inflammatory responses in severe COVID-19 patients.
Jérôme Hadjadj,Nader Yatim,Laura Barnabei,Aurélien Corneau,Jeremy Boussier,Nikaïa Smith,Hélène Péré,Bruno Charbit,Vincent Bondet,Camille Chenevier-Gobeaux,Paul Breillat,Nicolas Carlier,Rémy Gauzit,Caroline Morbieu,Frédéric Pène,Nathalie Marin,Nicolas Roche,Tali Anne Szwebel,Sarah H. Merkling,Jean-Marc Treluyer,David Veyer,Luc Mouthon,Catherine Blanc,Pierre-Louis Tharaux,Flore Rozenberg,Alain Fischer,Alain Fischer,Alain Fischer,Darragh Duffy,Frédéric Rieux-Laucat,Solen Kernéis,Solen Kernéis,Benjamin Terrier +32 more
TL;DR: The results of this trio of studies suggest that the location, timing, and duration of IFN exposure are critical parameters underlying the success or failure of therapeutics for viral respiratory infections.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neutrophil extracellular traps in COVID-19.
Yu Zuo,Srilakshmi Yalavarthi,Hui Shi,Hui Shi,Kelsey Gockman,Melanie Zuo,Jacqueline A. Madison,Christopher N. Blair,Andrew G. Weber,Betsy J. Barnes,Betsy J. Barnes,Mikala Egeblad,Robert J. Woods,Yogendra Kanthi,Jason S. Knight +14 more
TL;DR: Sera from patients with COVID-19 have elevated levels of cell-free DNA, myeloperoxidase(MPO)-DNA, and citrullinated histone H3 (Cit-H3); the latter two are highly specific markers of NETs, which may contribute to cytokine release and respiratory failure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tocilizumab in patients with severe COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study
Giovanni Guaraldi,Marianna Meschiari,Alessandro Cozzi-Lepri,Jovana Milic,Roberto Tonelli,Marianna Menozzi,Erica Franceschini,Gianluca Cuomo,Gabriella Orlando,Vanni Borghi,Antonella Santoro,Margherita Di Gaetano,Cinzia Puzzolante,Federica Carli,Andrea Bedini,Luca Corradi,Riccardo Fantini,Ivana Castaniere,Luca Tabbì,Massimo Girardis,Sara K. Tedeschi,Maddalena Giannella,Michele Bartoletti,Renato Pascale,Giovanni Dolci,Lucio Brugioni,Antonello Pietrangelo,Andrea Cossarizza,Federico Pea,Enrico Clini,Carlo Salvarani,Marco Massari,Pierluigi Viale,Cristina Mussini +33 more
TL;DR: Assessment of the role of tocilizumab in reducing the risk of invasive mechanical ventilation and death in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia who received standard of care treatment found it to be associated with a reduced risk.
Journal ArticleDOI
SARS-CoV-2 infection: The role of cytokines in COVID-19 disease.
Víctor J. Costela-Ruiz,Rebeca Illescas-Montes,Jose M. Puerta-Puerta,Concepción Ruiz,Lucía Melguizo-Rodríguez +4 more
TL;DR: This study reviews published data on alterations in the expression of different cytokines in patients with COVID-19 who require admission to an intensive care unit to support the design of more effective approaches to the management of CO VID-19.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Global Phosphorylation Landscape of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.
Mehdi Bouhaddou,Danish Memon,Bjoern Meyer,Kris M. White,Veronica V. Rezelj,Miguel Correa Marrero,Benjamin J. Polacco,James E. Melnyk,Svenja Ulferts,Robyn M. Kaake,Jyoti Batra,Alicia L. Richards,Erica Stevenson,David E. Gordon,Ajda Rojc,Kirsten Obernier,Jacqueline M. Fabius,Margaret Soucheray,Lisa Miorin,Elena Moreno,Cassandra Koh,Quang Dinh Tran,Alexandra Hardy,Rémy Robinot,Thomas Vallet,Benjamin E. Nilsson-Payant,Claudia Hernandez-Armenta,Alistair Dunham,Sebastian Weigang,Julian Knerr,Maya Modak,Diego Quintero,Yuan Zhou,Aurelien Dugourd,Alberto Valdeolivas,Trupti Patil,Qiongyu Li,Ruth Hüttenhain,Merve Cakir,Monita Muralidharan,Minkyu Kim,Gwendolyn M. Jang,Beril Tutuncuoglu,Joseph Hiatt,Jeffrey Z. Guo,Jiewei Xu,Sophia Bouhaddou,Christopher J.P. Mathy,Anna Gaulton,Emma J. Manners,Eloy Felix,Ying Shi,Marisa Goff,Jean K. Lim,Timothy McBride,Michael C. O’Neal,Yiming Cai,Jason C.J. Chang,David J. Broadhurst,Saker Klippsten,Emmie de Wit,Andrew R. Leach,Tanja Kortemme,Brian K. Shoichet,Melanie Ott,Julio Saez-Rodriguez,Benjamin R. tenOever,R. Dyche Mullins,Elizabeth R. Fischer,Georg Kochs,Robert Grosse,Adolfo García-Sastre,Marco Vignuzzi,Jeffery R. Johnson,Kevan M. Shokat,Danielle L. Swaney,Pedro Beltrao,Nevan J. Krogan +77 more
TL;DR: A quantitative mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics survey of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Vero E6 cells reveals dramatic rewiring of phosphorylation on host and viral proteins, revealing potential COVID-19 therapies.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Intestinal Flora as a Potential Strategy to Fight SARS-CoV-2 Infection
TL;DR: A novel suggestion that intestinal flora may be one of the mediators of the gastrointestinal responses and abnormal immune responses in hosts caused by SARS-CoV-2 is provided; improving the composition of intestinal flora and the proportion of its metabolites through probiotics, and personalized diet could be a potential strategy to prevent and treat COVID-19.
Journal ArticleDOI
Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes in severe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases
Atsunori Tsuchiya,Suguru Takeuchi,Takahiro Iwasawa,Masaru Kumagai,Takeki Sato,Satoko Motegi,Yui Ishii,Youhei Koseki,Kei Tomiyoshi,Kazuki Natsui,Nobutaka Takeda,Yuki Yoshida,Fusako Yamazaki,Yuichi Kojima,Yusuke Watanabe,Naruhiro Kimura,Kentaro Tominaga,Hiroteru Kamimura,Masaaki Takamura,Shuji Terai +19 more
TL;DR: The background of severe cases of COVID-19, basic aspects and mechanisms of action of MSCs and their exosomes, and basic and clinical studies based on MSCing and exosome therapy for influenza-induced ARDS are reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Can early treatment of patients with risk factors contribute to managing the COVID-19 pandemic?
TL;DR: Different health strategies for managing COVID-19 patients implemented in different countries may have played an important role in determining these lethality rates.
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